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The works made Amsterdam's gas out of coal for eighty years, and coal gas leaves tar and cyanide behind, so by the time production stopped in 1967 the soil was badly contaminated. Between 2000 and 2003 the worst was lifted out — tar pits, cyanide-soaked earth, asbestos — and the rest was sealed in place under a clean layer of soil, 60 to 100 centimetres deep. That layer is the park. You are walking on it the whole time you are here.\n\nKathryn Gustafson laid the lawns, the pond and the open field on top of it, the brick sheds became a cinema, studios and bars, and the round gas holder became a hall for festivals. An engineering firm measures the sealing layer every year, because what is under it was left there. A British firm built the works in 1885 to light the streets; Amsterdam took it over in 1898 and ran it until natural gas from Groningen made coal gas pointless. 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That is about 190 metres of unbroken curve. Look at the base course as you go: the low ring of masonry there carried the water seal that kept a hundred thousand cubic metres of gas airtight.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F1297\u002Fe0-bc8e.webp",{"title":191,"description":192,"imageUrl":193,"attribution":174},"Stand on the clean soil in the open field","Walk out onto the wide flat ground west of the halls and notice how even it is. You are standing on the clean soil laid down in the early 2000s over contamination that was left in place. Its thickness is measured and reported every year, to make sure the covering still seals what is underneath.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F1297\u002Fe1-a340.webp",[195,200,204],{"boxType":196,"title":197,"body":198,"deepBody":199,"sourceNote":150},"history","The round building never held the gas itself","The brick drum was a shell around a steel bell that rose as gas filled it and sank as it emptied.","Three steel rings sat inside, telescoping upward and sealed at the base by a ring of water. When it was full the structure stood about sixty-five metres high and held 100,000 cubic metres, the largest of its kind on the European mainland when it was finished in 1903. The steel was cut out after production ended, which is why the drum is empty now.",{"boxType":196,"title":201,"body":202,"deepBody":203,"sourceNote":150},"The park was promised twenty-two years before it opened","Amsterdam committed to turning this site into a park in 1981, and the gates finally opened in 2003.","The promise came out of a residents' campaign against railway expansion over the polder next door. Neighbours formed the Vrienden van het Westerpark in 1995 to keep the plan alive while the polluted soil and the funding were argued over. 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