[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"dest-009e28fa0628":3,"categories-en":33,"detail-extra-1238":172,"travel-countries-en":306},{"id":4,"publicId":5,"slug":6,"name":7,"shortDescription":8,"categoryId":9,"importance":10,"lng":11,"lat":12,"coverImageUrl":13,"country":14,"region":15,"ratingAvg":16,"ratingCount":16,"sensitivity":16,"distanceM":-1,"kind":17,"cityGuideId":18,"description":19,"countryCode":20,"adminArea":9,"elevationM":9,"bestMonths":21,"tips":22,"howToGetThere":9,"youtubeIds":23,"timezone":28,"cityGuideSlug":29,"cityGuidePublicId":30,"cityGuideName":15,"poiTheme":31,"poiNeighborhood":32},1238,"009e28fa0628","barcelona-placa-de-sant-felip-neri","Plaça de Sant Felip Neri","A small Barcelona square whose church front is still pitted by the bombs that killed forty-two people sheltering here in 1938.",null,3,2.17489,41.38315,"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F1238\u002Fcover-265d.webp","Spain","Barcelona",0,"city_poi",4,"Plaça de Sant Felip Neri is a small paved square with a fountain and a plane tree, and the front of its baroque church is pitted from the ground to well above head height. On the morning of 30 January 1938 the Italian air force bombed Barcelona for over two hours. A bomb fell into this square while children were sheltering in the church basement, and a second came down minutes later into the people who had run in to dig them out. Forty-two died here, about twenty of them children.\n\nThe church was rebuilt and the scars were deliberately left. For decades an official explanation circulated that the marks were bullet holes from an execution of priests at the start of the war, and that version stayed in print long enough to become the square's folklore. It is not what happened: the holes are shrapnel, and a lectern in the square now says so plainly. 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The fountain is the only sound before the school breaks. Then look at the whole front at once rather than at individual holes, and the pattern of the blast becomes visible: denser low and to one side, thinning as it goes up.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F1238\u002Fe0-4860.webp","Punxsutawneyphil \u002F Wikimedia Commons",{"title":194,"description":195,"imageUrl":196,"attribution":181},"Spot the two facades that moved house","Look around the square for the two facades that do not sit quite right, with carved trade emblems above their doors. They came from streets destroyed elsewhere and were put back together here. Compare their stonework with the church beside them: different colour, different cut, different century.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F1238\u002Fe1-e59b.webp",[198,203,208],{"boxType":199,"title":200,"body":201,"deepBody":202,"sourceNote":9},"history","Why the second bomb killed more","The first bomb brought people running into the square. The second fell minutes later, into the crowd that had come to dig.","Delayed follow-up strikes on a hit target were a known tactic of the raids of that winter, aimed at rescuers and at the people gathered in the open afterwards. It is the reason the toll here was so high for one small square, and the reason shelter instructions afterwards told people to stay underground for a set time rather than come up when the noise stopped.",{"boxType":204,"title":205,"body":206,"deepBody":207,"sourceNote":9},"did_you_know","The story that was told instead","The false version was not a rumour that spread on its own. It was put about officially and it stayed in print for fifty years.","The alternative account served the authorities after 1939, because it turned damage caused by the bombing into evidence of something else. It appeared in guidebooks and was still being repeated in the 1990s. Municipal memorial work has since established and posted the record: two bombs, 30 January 1938, and shrapnel.",{"boxType":209,"title":210,"body":211,"deepBody":212,"sourceNote":9},"architecture","Some of the buildings are immigrants","Two of the facades around the square were not built here. They were taken from elsewhere in the city and re-erected on this ground.","The guild houses of the coppersmiths and the shoemakers were dismantled when the cutting of a new avenue destroyed their streets, and they were rebuilt here to fill the gaps left by the bombing. 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