[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"categories-en":3,"dest-f34898e83d3c":144,"detail-extra-909":169,"travel-countries-en":350},[4,9,14,19,24,29,34,39,44,49,54,59,64,69,74,79,84,89,94,99,104,109,114,119,124,129,134,139],{"id":5,"slug":6,"name":7,"color":8},15,"river","Rivers & Streams","#14B8A6",{"id":10,"slug":11,"name":12,"color":13},16,"coast","Coasts & Cliffs","#0891B2",{"id":15,"slug":16,"name":17,"color":18},17,"fjord","Fjords","#6366F1",{"id":20,"slug":21,"name":22,"color":23},18,"valley","Valleys","#22C55E",{"id":25,"slug":26,"name":27,"color":28},19,"volcano","Volcanoes & Craters","#EA580C",{"id":30,"slug":31,"name":32,"color":33},20,"wetland","Wetlands & Deltas","#0D9488",{"id":35,"slug":36,"name":37,"color":38},21,"savanna","Savannas & Plains","#EAB308",{"id":40,"slug":41,"name":42,"color":43},22,"rock-formation","Rock Formations","#9A3412",{"id":45,"slug":46,"name":47,"color":48},23,"plateau","Plateaus & Highlands","#84CC16",{"id":50,"slug":51,"name":52,"color":53},24,"ancient-site","Ancient Sites","#B45309",{"id":55,"slug":56,"name":57,"color":58},25,"sacred-site","Sacred Sites","#9333EA",{"id":60,"slug":61,"name":62,"color":63},26,"fortress","Fortresses","#78350F",{"id":65,"slug":66,"name":67,"color":68},27,"engineering","Engineering Marvels","#475569",{"id":70,"slug":71,"name":72,"color":73},28,"monumental-art","Monumental Art","#C026D3",{"id":75,"slug":76,"name":77,"color":78},29,"village","Villages","#F97316",{"id":80,"slug":81,"name":82,"color":83},30,"historic-town","Historic Towns","#E11D48",{"id":85,"slug":86,"name":87,"color":88},31,"unique-settlement","Unique Settlements","#10B981",{"id":90,"slug":91,"name":92,"color":93},1,"waterfall","Waterfalls","#38BDF8",{"id":95,"slug":96,"name":97,"color":98},2,"lake","Lakes","#3B82F6",{"id":100,"slug":101,"name":102,"color":103},3,"beach","Beaches & Coves","#0EA5E9",{"id":105,"slug":106,"name":107,"color":108},4,"mountain","Peaks","#F59E0B",{"id":110,"slug":111,"name":112,"color":113},5,"forest","Forests","#059669",{"id":115,"slug":116,"name":117,"color":118},6,"canyon","Canyons","#EF4444",{"id":120,"slug":121,"name":122,"color":123},7,"cave","Caves","#8B5CF6",{"id":125,"slug":126,"name":127,"color":128},8,"geothermal","Geothermal & Travertines","#F472B6",{"id":130,"slug":131,"name":132,"color":133},12,"ice","Ice Worlds","#60A5FA",{"id":135,"slug":136,"name":137,"color":138},13,"island","Islands","#06B6D4",{"id":140,"slug":141,"name":142,"color":143},14,"desert","Deserts","#D97706",{"id":145,"publicId":146,"slug":147,"name":148,"shortDescription":149,"categoryId":25,"importance":110,"lng":150,"lat":151,"coverImageUrl":152,"country":153,"region":154,"ratingAvg":155,"ratingCount":155,"sensitivity":155,"distanceM":-1,"kind":156,"cityGuideId":157,"description":158,"countryCode":159,"adminArea":160,"elevationM":80,"bestMonths":161,"tips":165,"howToGetThere":157,"youtubeIds":166,"timezone":157,"cityGuideSlug":157,"cityGuidePublicId":157,"cityGuideName":157,"poiTheme":157,"poiNeighborhood":157},909,"f34898e83d3c","gobustan-mud-volcanoes","Gobustan Mud Volcanoes","Twenty-odd cold mud cones on a cracked Azerbaijani plain by the Caspian, driven not by heat but by gas pushing clay and brine from below.",49.402444,39.996611,"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F909\u002Fcover.webp","Azerbaijan","Qaradağ District, Baku",0,"nature",null,"The Gobustan Mud Volcanoes are twenty-odd cones of cold grey mud on a cracked plain by the Caspian Sea in the Qaradağ district south of Baku, in Azerbaijan, driven not by heat but by gas pushing clay and brine up from below, and they are walked among on the plain, watched one at a time from a few metres back as they gurgle and spit, and climbed for the sea on the horizon. Azerbaijan holds nearly half the mud volcanoes on Earth, some four hundred, because the country sits on the oil and gas that push them up, and where a mud volcano stands, oil usually lies far beneath it, which is how the industry followed the mud; the cones at Dashgil are a metre or a few metres high, each with a crater of grey slurry that bulges, breaks and slumps as a bubble of gas comes through, cold to the touch and slow enough that a single crater is timed from five metres back, and where the mud spilled out and dried the surface has shrunk into a tight mosaic of polygonal plates that crunch and tilt underfoot. The cones only gurgle, but the big ones of the region catch fire, when the gas ignites and throws flames hundreds of metres up, as one did in the Caspian in 2021.\n\nPlanetary scientists come to these flows to understand Mars, where landforms long read as lava are now thought to be mud that erupted much the same way, and the field is reached by a rough track from the main road. A marked track runs out across the plain for quad bikes between clusters of cones the footpaths never reach, and the taller cones at the far edge are enough for the Caspian on the horizon. For a few weeks in spring the bare semi-desert greens and flowers with steppe irises, and the rock engravings of Gobustan are on the same road. The Gobustan volcanoes are the earth belching cold mud, and the oil underneath is the reason.","AZ","Gobustan",[100,105,110,162,163,164],9,10,11,"access|**Everything runs through the tourism complex now** — park off the E119 highway, then cross the field on foot or take a quad bike along the marked track out to the further, more active cones.\nsafety|**Wear shoes you will not miss** — the grey clay is greasy while wet, sets like cement once dry, and never really comes out of fabric again.\ntiming|**Go at opening** — the day-tour buses from Baku roll in around midday, and there is no shade on the plateau at all, so the first hour is both the emptiest and the coolest.\nview|**Walk past the busy craters near the entrance** — from the cones at the far edge of the field, the grey plain opens straight onto the flat blue of the Caspian.\nwater|**Carry your own water** — there is none out on the plateau, and the loop to the furthest cones is longer and far more exposed than it looks from the car park.",[167,168],"9u5be5ZrgTA","L8YmmcAve0c",{"gallery":170,"exps":184,"boxes":201,"seasons":217,"near":259,"peers":349},[171,173,175,178,180,182],{"url":152,"attribution":172},"Foto: Bruno Girin \u002F CC BY-SA 2.0 (Wikimedia Commons)",{"url":174,"attribution":172},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F909\u002Fg0.webp",{"url":176,"attribution":177},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F909\u002Fg1.webp","Foto: Bernard Gagnon \u002F CC BY 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)",{"url":179,"attribution":177},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F909\u002Fg2.webp",{"url":181,"attribution":177},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F909\u002Fg3.webp",{"url":183,"attribution":177},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F909\u002Fg4.webp",[185,189,193,197],{"title":186,"description":187,"imageUrl":188,"attribution":172},"Time a single cone from five metres back","Pick one crater and wait. The mud swells into a dome, holds, then bursts with a wet plop, and the interval is different for every vent. Between the cones lie wide soupy pools where the gas comes up in slow rings instead, breaking the surface without ever building a cone at all.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F909\u002Fe1.webp",{"title":190,"description":191,"imageUrl":192,"attribution":172},"Climb a cone for the Caspian on the horizon","The taller cones at the far edge of the field are only a few metres high, but that is enough. From the lip, the grey volcanic plain runs out ahead of you and drops away to the flat blue of the Caspian — the view that makes sense of where all this mud comes from.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F909\u002Fe2.webp",{"title":194,"description":195,"imageUrl":196,"attribution":177},"Ride the quad-bike track across the field","A marked track runs out across the cracked plain, between clusters of cones the footpaths never reach. It is the quickest way to feel how far the volcanic field really stretches, and how completely empty the steppe around it is.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F909\u002Fe3.webp",{"title":198,"description":199,"imageUrl":200,"attribution":177},"Read the cracked crust of an old mud flow","Where mud spilled out and dried, the surface has shrunk into a tight mosaic of polygonal plates that crunch and tilt underfoot. Fresh flows are still soft and grey-wet; older ones curl at the edges, a record of every eruption the cone has had.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F909\u002Fe4.webp",[202,207,212],{"boxType":203,"title":204,"body":205,"deepBody":206,"sourceNote":157},"history","The oil industry followed the mud","Where a mud volcano stands, oil usually lies far beneath it. Azerbaijan's early petroleum industry treated these cones as free exploration wells and drilled where the ground was already spitting hydrocarbons.","A mud volcano taps the same deep, overpressured sediments that generate oil and gas, and its ejecta carry up fragments of the source rock itself — so geologists describe them as natural super-deep boreholes. Several of the country's most productive fields, Lokbatan and Garadagh among them, sit directly beside mud volcano structures. The gas venting from the cones is 79 to 99 percent methane.",{"boxType":208,"title":209,"body":210,"deepBody":211,"sourceNote":157},"geology","When the mud catches fire","The cones at Dashgil only gurgle. Elsewhere in Azerbaijan, though, the escaping methane occasionally ignites, and a mud volcano becomes a genuine tower of flame for a few minutes.","Otman Bozdag threw up flames 200 to 300 metres high in September 2018, and in July 2021 an eruption at Dashli Ada, offshore in the Caspian, produced a fireball seen from Baku some 74 kilometres away. Such eruptions are rare, violent and impossible to predict — no visitor can plan around them, and they are not what the field you walk through does.",{"boxType":213,"title":214,"body":215,"deepBody":216,"sourceNote":157},"did_you_know","A rehearsal for Mars","Planetary scientists come to Azerbaijan's mud flows to understand Mars, where landforms long read as lava are now thought to be mud that erupted much the same way.","In experiments reproducing Martian surface conditions, mud flowing under very low atmospheric pressure behaves remarkably like pahoehoe lava: it boils, freezes and forms a crust that the flow then spreads out beneath. Azerbaijan, home to the largest mud volcano edifices on Earth and mud flows kilometres long, is the closest earthly analogue geologists have.",[218,223,227,232,237,242,246,250,254],{"phenomenon":219,"peakMonths":220,"note":221,"requiresDarkSky":222,"sortOrder":90},"wildflower",[100,105],"For a few weeks the bare semi-desert around the cones greens over and flowers — steppe irises, calendula and ephemeral grasses ringing the grey mud — before the heat burns it back to brown.",false,{"phenomenon":224,"peakMonths":225,"note":226,"requiresDarkSky":222,"sortOrder":95},"prime",[105,110,162,163],"Spring and autumn are the walkable months here: the exposed steppe bakes through summer, and in winter a hard wind comes straight off the Caspian across open ground.",{"phenomenon":228,"peakMonths":229,"note":230,"requiresDarkSky":222,"sortOrder":231},"chapter_quiet",[90,95,130],"The steppe is bare and brown and a hard wind drives off the Caspian across open ground; highs near 8°C. The cones bubble regardless and the complex still opens daily, but rain turns the clay to greasy paste and there is no shelter out here.",50,{"phenomenon":233,"peakMonths":234,"note":235,"requiresDarkSky":222,"sortOrder":236},"chapter_peak",[100,105],"The air is mild for walking the far cones out to the Caspian.",51,{"phenomenon":238,"peakMonths":239,"note":240,"requiresDarkSky":222,"sortOrder":241},"chapter_edge",[110],"May stays warm and walkable, around 26°C, but the flowers are already burning back and the green fades to brown as summer sets in. The mud pools bubble as ever; go early, before the afternoon glare on the shadeless plain.",52,{"phenomenon":228,"peakMonths":243,"note":244,"requiresDarkSky":222,"sortOrder":245},[115,120,125],"Summer bakes the plain brown, with July and August highs near 33°C and no shade anywhere on the plateau. The cones stay active and the complex opens daily, but come at opening — the midday buses and the heat both peak together.",53,{"phenomenon":233,"peakMonths":247,"note":248,"requiresDarkSky":222,"sortOrder":249},[162,163],"Autumn is the other walkable window: the fierce heat breaks to highs near 27°C in September and 21°C in October, and the plain is quiet. The low light off the Caspian suits the long loop out to the furthest cones.",54,{"phenomenon":238,"peakMonths":251,"note":252,"requiresDarkSky":222,"sortOrder":253},[164],"November cools toward winter — highs slip to around 14°C and the steppe has already gone dormant and brown — but the walking stays comfortable and the crowds thin. The mud bubbles on; the Caspian wind is beginning to sharpen.",55,{"phenomenon":255,"peakMonths":256,"note":257,"requiresDarkSky":222,"sortOrder":258},"baseline",[],"The cones bubble cold mud all year — gas-driven, not weather-driven, so the eruptions never pause. What turns with the season is the steppe's colour and how bearable the shadeless, windy plain is to walk.",99,[260,271,282,294,305,316,327,338],{"id":261,"publicId":262,"slug":263,"name":264,"shortDescription":265,"categoryId":125,"importance":110,"lng":266,"lat":267,"coverImageUrl":268,"country":153,"region":269,"ratingAvg":155,"ratingCount":155,"sensitivity":155,"distanceM":270,"kind":157,"cityGuideId":157},811,"f25d761560d6","yanar-dag","Yanar Dag","A hillside near Baku where methane seeping through sandstone has burned in dozens of separate jets for as long as anyone remembers.",49.891253,40.501833,"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F811\u002Fcover.webp","Absheron Peninsula",69833.92865384,{"id":272,"publicId":273,"slug":274,"name":275,"shortDescription":276,"categoryId":75,"importance":95,"lng":277,"lat":278,"coverImageUrl":279,"country":153,"region":280,"ratingAvg":155,"ratingCount":155,"sensitivity":90,"distanceM":281,"kind":157,"cityGuideId":157},387,"14c85db0a1e6","khinalug","Khinalug (Xınalıq)","An Azerbaijani mountain village of stone houses stacked so tightly each roof is the courtyard above, whose people speak a language with no known relatives.",48.12666667,41.17805556,"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F387\u002Fcover.webp","Quba",169927.79990728,{"id":283,"publicId":284,"slug":285,"name":286,"shortDescription":287,"categoryId":85,"importance":100,"lng":288,"lat":289,"coverImageUrl":290,"country":291,"region":292,"ratingAvg":155,"ratingCount":155,"sensitivity":155,"distanceM":293,"kind":157,"cityGuideId":157},390,"16ffa9f1c946","khndzoresk","Khndzoresk","An Armenian town carved into walls of a gorge, lived in by eight thousand people until the 1950s and crossed now by a hand-built bridge.",46.43361111,39.51222222,"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F390\u002Fcover.webp","Armenia","Syunik",260034.4688242,{"id":295,"publicId":296,"slug":297,"name":298,"shortDescription":299,"categoryId":95,"importance":105,"lng":300,"lat":301,"coverImageUrl":302,"country":153,"region":303,"ratingAvg":155,"ratingCount":155,"sensitivity":155,"distanceM":304,"kind":157,"cityGuideId":157},127,"7130efaf6e2d","goygol-lake","Göygöl","A blue lake in Azerbaijan made in a single night, when a 1139 earthquake tore the flank off Mount Kapaz and dammed the river below.",46.3241,40.4091,"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F127\u002Fcover.webp","Goygol",266049.45264922,{"id":306,"publicId":307,"slug":308,"name":309,"shortDescription":310,"categoryId":90,"importance":100,"lng":311,"lat":312,"coverImageUrl":313,"country":291,"region":314,"ratingAvg":155,"ratingCount":155,"sensitivity":155,"distanceM":315,"kind":157,"cityGuideId":157},391,"57f59687ea7e","jermuk-waterfall","Jermuk Waterfall","A seventy-metre fall that never comes down as one column: sloping basalt combs it apart into dozens of fine threads Armenians call the Mermaid's Hair.",45.6722,39.8417,"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F391\u002Fcover.webp","Vayots Dzor",319355.29302964,{"id":317,"publicId":318,"slug":319,"name":320,"shortDescription":321,"categoryId":95,"importance":95,"lng":322,"lat":323,"coverImageUrl":324,"country":291,"region":325,"ratingAvg":155,"ratingCount":155,"sensitivity":155,"distanceM":326,"kind":157,"cityGuideId":157},382,"a18a6353e9c2","lake-sevan","Lake Sevan","The largest lake in the Caucasus, 1,900 metres up and drained so far by Soviet engineers that its island monastery now stands on a peninsula.",45.35,40.3167,"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F382\u002Fcover.webp","Gegharkunik",347055.10210249,{"id":328,"publicId":329,"slug":330,"name":331,"shortDescription":332,"categoryId":110,"importance":95,"lng":333,"lat":334,"coverImageUrl":335,"country":291,"region":336,"ratingAvg":155,"ratingCount":155,"sensitivity":155,"distanceM":337,"kind":157,"cityGuideId":157},403,"dda566b15f98","dilijan-national-park","Dilijan National Park","A 240-square-kilometre island of oak and beech forest in otherwise dry and bare Armenia, with medieval monasteries half swallowed by the trees.",45.02138889,40.65638889,"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F403\u002Fcover.webp","Tavush",379423.01914592,{"id":339,"publicId":340,"slug":341,"name":342,"shortDescription":343,"categoryId":115,"importance":95,"lng":344,"lat":345,"coverImageUrl":346,"country":291,"region":347,"ratingAvg":155,"ratingCount":155,"sensitivity":155,"distanceM":348,"kind":157,"cityGuideId":157},384,"b40c8a04b4b1","garni-gorge","Garni Gorge (Symphony of Stones)","An Armenian cliff of thousands of basalt columns hanging over a gorge like pipes of a stone organ, with a first-century temple on the rim.",44.72305556,40.11944444,"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F384\u002Fcover.webp","Kotayk",399439.28549452,[],[351,356,361,365,370,375,379,383,388,392,396,399,403,407,411,413,417,421,425,429,433,437,441,445,449,453,457,461,465,469,473,477,481,485,489,493,497,501,505,508,512,516,520,524,528,532,536,540,544,548,552,556,560,564,568,572,576,580,584,588,592,596,600,604,608,612,616,620,624,628,632,636,640,644,648,652,656,660,664,668,672,676,680,684,688,692,696,700,704,708,712,716,720,724,728,732,736,740,744,748,752,756,760,764,768,772,776,780,784,788,792,796,800,804,808,812,816,820,824,828,832,836,840,844,848,852,856,860,864,868,872,876,880,884,888,892,896,900,904,908,912,916,920,924,928,932,936,940,944,948,952,956,960,964,968,972,976,980,984,988,992,996,1000,1004,1008,1012,1016,1020,1024,1028,1032,1036,1040,1044,1048,1052,1056,1060,1064,1068,1072,1076,1080,1084,1088,1092,1096,1100,1104,1108,1112,1116,1120,1124,1128,1132,1136,1140,1144,1148,1152,1156,1160,1164,1168,1172,1176,1180,1184,1188,1192,1196,1200,1204,1208,1212,1216,1220,1224,1228,1232,1236,1240,1244,1248,1252,1256,1260,1264,1268,1272,1276,1280,1284,1288,1292,1296,1300,1304,1308,1312,1316,1320],{"iso2":352,"name":353,"flag":354,"region":355},"AF","Afghanistan","🇦🇫","Asia",{"iso2":357,"name":358,"flag":359,"region":360},"AX","Åland 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