[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"categories-en":3,"dest-c584e1e244c5":144,"detail-extra-880":169,"travel-countries-en":267},[4,9,14,19,24,29,34,39,44,49,54,59,64,69,74,79,84,89,94,99,104,109,114,119,124,129,134,139],{"id":5,"slug":6,"name":7,"color":8},15,"river","Rivers & Streams","#14B8A6",{"id":10,"slug":11,"name":12,"color":13},16,"coast","Coasts & Cliffs","#0891B2",{"id":15,"slug":16,"name":17,"color":18},17,"fjord","Fjords","#6366F1",{"id":20,"slug":21,"name":22,"color":23},18,"valley","Valleys","#22C55E",{"id":25,"slug":26,"name":27,"color":28},19,"volcano","Volcanoes & Craters","#EA580C",{"id":30,"slug":31,"name":32,"color":33},20,"wetland","Wetlands & Deltas","#0D9488",{"id":35,"slug":36,"name":37,"color":38},21,"savanna","Savannas & Plains","#EAB308",{"id":40,"slug":41,"name":42,"color":43},22,"rock-formation","Rock Formations","#9A3412",{"id":45,"slug":46,"name":47,"color":48},23,"plateau","Plateaus & Highlands","#84CC16",{"id":50,"slug":51,"name":52,"color":53},24,"ancient-site","Ancient Sites","#B45309",{"id":55,"slug":56,"name":57,"color":58},25,"sacred-site","Sacred Sites","#9333EA",{"id":60,"slug":61,"name":62,"color":63},26,"fortress","Fortresses","#78350F",{"id":65,"slug":66,"name":67,"color":68},27,"engineering","Engineering Marvels","#475569",{"id":70,"slug":71,"name":72,"color":73},28,"monumental-art","Monumental Art","#C026D3",{"id":75,"slug":76,"name":77,"color":78},29,"village","Villages","#F97316",{"id":80,"slug":81,"name":82,"color":83},30,"historic-town","Historic Towns","#E11D48",{"id":85,"slug":86,"name":87,"color":88},31,"unique-settlement","Unique Settlements","#10B981",{"id":90,"slug":91,"name":92,"color":93},1,"waterfall","Waterfalls","#38BDF8",{"id":95,"slug":96,"name":97,"color":98},2,"lake","Lakes","#3B82F6",{"id":100,"slug":101,"name":102,"color":103},3,"beach","Beaches & Coves","#0EA5E9",{"id":105,"slug":106,"name":107,"color":108},4,"mountain","Peaks","#F59E0B",{"id":110,"slug":111,"name":112,"color":113},5,"forest","Forests","#059669",{"id":115,"slug":116,"name":117,"color":118},6,"canyon","Canyons","#EF4444",{"id":120,"slug":121,"name":122,"color":123},7,"cave","Caves","#8B5CF6",{"id":125,"slug":126,"name":127,"color":128},8,"geothermal","Geothermal & Travertines","#F472B6",{"id":130,"slug":131,"name":132,"color":133},12,"ice","Ice Worlds","#60A5FA",{"id":135,"slug":136,"name":137,"color":138},13,"island","Islands","#06B6D4",{"id":140,"slug":141,"name":142,"color":143},14,"desert","Deserts","#D97706",{"id":145,"publicId":146,"slug":147,"name":148,"shortDescription":149,"categoryId":120,"importance":110,"lng":150,"lat":151,"coverImageUrl":152,"country":153,"region":154,"ratingAvg":155,"ratingCount":155,"sensitivity":155,"distanceM":-1,"kind":156,"cityGuideId":157,"description":158,"countryCode":159,"adminArea":157,"elevationM":60,"bestMonths":160,"tips":164,"howToGetThere":157,"youtubeIds":165,"timezone":157,"cityGuideSlug":157,"cityGuidePublicId":157,"cityGuideName":157,"poiTheme":157,"poiNeighborhood":157},880,"c584e1e244c5","manjanggul-cave","Manjanggul Cave","A lava tube under Jeju's eastern fields, one lit kilometre of it walkable, ending at the tallest lava column ever recorded.",126.7714,33.5286,"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F880\u002Fcover.webp","South Korea","Jeju Island",0,"nature",null,"Manjanggul Cave is a lava tube under the eastern fields of Jeju island, in South Korea, more than seven kilometres long, one lit kilometre of which is walked to the tallest lava column ever recorded, a pillar of 7.6 metres joining floor to ceiling, in a tunnel that a village schoolteacher measured in 1946 with thirty of his pupils in straw shoes carrying pine torches. The tube was made when a river of lava from the Geomunoreum volcano crusted over and drained away, leaving a tunnel up to 23 metres wide and 30 high, with the marks of the lava's levels running along the walls as horizontal ledges at shoulder and head height, each the height the river held before it dropped; nobody agrees how old it is, with the dating of soils buried under the flows returning an age close to 8,000 years while other estimates run to 300,000, and the tube is part of the UNESCO listing of Jeju's volcanoes. The walk is flat and cool at 12 degrees on a wet floor, past Turtle Rock, a slab of hardened crust that drifted along on the moving lava and stranded here when the flow drained, in the shape of the island itself, to the column at the end, where the lava poured through a hole in the roof from a tube above and set in a pillar.\n\nBeyond the barrier the tube goes on unlit to its third entrance, and the upper level near it holds the largest bat colony confirmed in Korea, long-fingered bats packed into the dark, with pups born in June and on the wing by late summer, the reason that section is kept shut, since the cave life there is richest. The tube lies under farmland twenty minutes from the coast and the lava flows of the same volcano run on to the sea at Woljeongri, and Seongsan Ilchulbong, the sunrise crater, is nearby. Manjanggul is a river of stone that emptied, and its last pillar is the tallest anyone has found.","KR",[100,105,110,115,120,125,161,162,163],9,10,11,"timing|**The open stretch is a kilometre, then you turn around** — about an hour underground all told, and the last tickets go around 5pm, so don't leave the cave until the end of the day.\nsafety|**Dress for 13°C and a wet floor** — take a layer even in August, and wear closed shoes with grip, because water drips from the ceiling and the deck stays slick.\nwildlife|**Don't expect bats** — the colony hangs in the unlit reaches beyond the barrier, so on the visitor route you may catch nothing more than a stray one crossing the lights.\ncrowds|**Come on a weekday morning** — the Jeju tour buses reach the cave in the early afternoon, and a full walkway turns the tube into an echo chamber.\naccess|**The cave rests on the first Wednesday of every month** — a hard-earned closed day that catches out visitors who plan around opening hours alone.",[166,167,168],"GVnGbWJnOiU","OuEvNx-RKFM","ld4dZhBv6Lw",{"gallery":170,"exps":185,"boxes":198,"seasons":214,"near":244,"peers":266},[171,173,175,177,180,182],{"url":152,"attribution":172},"Foto: AhmadElq \u002F CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)",{"url":174,"attribution":172},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F880\u002Fg0.webp",{"url":176,"attribution":172},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F880\u002Fg1.webp",{"url":178,"attribution":179},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F880\u002Fg2.webp","Foto: Olga Lipunova \u002F CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)",{"url":181,"attribution":172},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F880\u002Fg3.webp",{"url":183,"attribution":184},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F880\u002Fg4.webp","Foto: Paul Evans \u002F CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)",[186,190,194],{"title":187,"description":188,"imageUrl":189,"attribution":172},"Find Turtle Rock, the raft shaped like Jeju","A slab of hardened crust drifted along on the moving lava and stranded here when the flow drained away. Islanders long ago noticed that its outline traces Jeju itself, and the resemblance is close enough that you see it before anyone points it out.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F880\u002Fe2.webp",{"title":191,"description":192,"imageUrl":193,"attribution":184},"Stand under the 7.6-metre lava column","At the end of the walk, a single pillar joins floor to ceiling — the tallest lava column ever recorded. It built up where lava spilled from an upper passage through a hole in the roof and froze where it struck, and it is lit just enough to show its dripped, molten texture.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F880\u002Fe3.webp",{"title":195,"description":196,"imageUrl":197,"attribution":172},"Read the lava's high-water marks","Horizontal ledges run along the walls at shoulder and head height, each one the level the river of lava held before it dropped. Follow them with your eyes as you walk and you can watch the flow inside the tube falling, stage by stage, until it drained out to the sea.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F880\u002Fe4.webp",[199,204,209],{"boxType":200,"title":201,"body":202,"deepBody":203,"sourceNote":157},"geology","Nobody agrees how old it is","Luminescence dating of soils buried under the Geomunoreum flows, led by the volcanologist Ahn Ung-San, returned an age close to 8,000 years.","The World Heritage listing still carries 200,000 to 300,000 years, taken from earlier estimates of Jeju's eruptive history, and Korean media now routinely say 9,000. UNESCO and the geopark signage have not caught up, so visitors meet both numbers on the same trip.",{"boxType":205,"title":206,"body":207,"deepBody":208,"sourceNote":157},"history","Surveyed by a teacher and thirty children","In 1946 a village schoolteacher, Bu Jong-hyu, led about thirty of his primary-school pupils into the dark in straw shoes, carrying pine torches, and measured the cave.","Bu split the children into squads — torch bearers, surveyors, record keepers, porters — and they mapped the passage his village had long called the manjeongi hole. He gave it the name Manjanggul and published the measurements. A monument of the teacher and his torch-carrying pupils stands near the entrance; 2026 marks eighty years since that walk and his centenary.",{"boxType":210,"title":211,"body":212,"deepBody":213,"sourceNote":157},"wildlife","The colony behind the barrier","Manjanggul holds the largest bat colony confirmed in Korea — long-fingered bats packed into the upper level near the third entrance, which is kept shut precisely because the cave life there is richest.","Greater horseshoe bats hibernate here in their thousands, and long-fingered bats gather to breed, their pups flying by late summer. The tube also shelters the Jeju cave spider and other animals adapted to permanent dark. Counts vary widely between surveys, which is one reason the closed sections stay closed.",[215,220,225,230,235,239],{"phenomenon":216,"peakMonths":217,"note":218,"requiresDarkSky":219,"sortOrder":90},"migration",[115,120,125],"Long-fingered bats gather to breed in the tube's unlit upper level — the largest bat colony confirmed in Korea. Pups are born in June and the young are on the wing by late summer, behind the barrier.",false,{"phenomenon":221,"peakMonths":222,"note":223,"requiresDarkSky":219,"sortOrder":224},"chapter_quiet",[90,95,130],"Jeju sits cold outside at 6–8°C, so the tube's steady 13°C loses its summer drama and the bats hang dormant behind the barrier. Nothing seasonal shuts — only the freeze-and-thaw at the mouth, which dropped rock here in 2023, keeps working the roof.",50,{"phenomenon":226,"peakMonths":227,"note":228,"requiresDarkSky":219,"sortOrder":229},"chapter_edge",[100,105,110],"Spring lifts Jeju from 10°C into the low twenties and greens the fields above, while the long-fingered bats mass in the upper level for summer. Underground the 13°C air is a mild step down, not a shock, and crowds stay light before the rush.",51,{"phenomenon":231,"peakMonths":232,"note":233,"requiresDarkSky":219,"sortOrder":234},"chapter_peak",[115,120,125],"Pups are born in the upper tube from late June and fly by August — Korea's largest bat colony, behind the barrier. Outside Jeju bakes at 27°C and pours its heaviest rain, typhoons possible July–September, so the tube's 13°C air feels most welcome.",52,{"phenomenon":226,"peakMonths":236,"note":237,"requiresDarkSky":219,"sortOrder":238},[161,162,163],"The young are flying now and the colony eases toward its winter hibernation deep in the tube, as Jeju cools from 23°C to the low teens — its clearest, mildest weather, the summer crowds and typhoon risk gone. The 13°C air holds unchanged.",53,{"phenomenon":240,"peakMonths":241,"note":242,"requiresDarkSky":219,"sortOrder":243},"baseline",[],"The 7.6-metre lava column, Turtle Rock and the dark, dripping ~13°C air hold every day of the year; the bats live here year-round too, hibernating in winter and breeding through summer.",99,[245,255],{"id":246,"publicId":247,"slug":248,"name":154,"shortDescription":249,"categoryId":135,"importance":95,"lng":250,"lat":251,"coverImageUrl":252,"country":153,"region":253,"ratingAvg":155,"ratingCount":155,"sensitivity":155,"distanceM":254,"kind":157,"cityGuideId":157},173,"504cfdee1e57","jeju-island","A volcanic island with Korea's highest peak at its centre, 360 cones on its slopes and women who still free-dive its seabed on one 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