[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"dest-953b9812055c":3,"categories-en":39,"detail-extra-541":170,"travel-countries-en":344},{"id":4,"publicId":5,"slug":6,"name":7,"shortDescription":8,"categoryId":9,"importance":10,"lng":11,"lat":12,"coverImageUrl":13,"country":14,"region":15,"ratingAvg":16,"ratingCount":16,"sensitivity":16,"distanceM":-1,"kind":17,"cityGuideId":18,"description":19,"countryCode":20,"adminArea":18,"elevationM":21,"bestMonths":22,"tips":34,"howToGetThere":18,"youtubeIds":35,"timezone":18,"cityGuideSlug":18,"cityGuidePublicId":18,"cityGuideName":18,"poiTheme":18,"poiNeighborhood":18},541,"953b9812055c","monte-titano","Monte Titano and the Three Towers","A limestone ridge in San Marino with a tower on each of its three summits — the emblem on the flag of the world's oldest republic.",26,4,12.44663,43.89373,"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F541\u002Fcover.webp","San Marino","City of San Marino (Historic Center)",0,"monument",null,"Monte Titano is a limestone ridge of 739 metres rising out of the hills of Romagna in the Republic of San Marino, with a tower on each of its three summits, and the three towers are the emblem on the flag of the oldest republic in the world, walked along the bare crest between them with the Adriatic and the plain below. The mountain does not match the clay hills around it: it is a block of limestone that slid here from the Apennines and came to rest on the softer ground, which is why it stands alone, and the republic has held its summit since a stonecutter named Marinus founded a community on it in 301, never conquered in seventeen centuries; the first tower, Guaita, was begun in the eleventh century and rebuilt during the wars with the Malatesta lords of Rimini, entered through a gate in its outer wall and climbed to open ramparts, and the second, Cesta, stands on the highest of the three peaks on the footings of an older fort and holds a collection of more than 1,500 medieval weapons. The third, Montale, is closed.\n\nBetween Guaita and Cesta the Passo delle Streghe, the witches' pass, runs the crest as a stone ledge with the cliff falling away on either side, the old guards' route, and paragliders work the air off the ridge and come by level with the battlements, close enough to make out the harness, before spiralling down toward the fields. On cold still mornings the plain below drowns in fog while the ridge stays in sunlight and the towers stand on an island of limestone above a white sea. On the coat of arms each tower is topped with a silver ostrich plume, and the three green hills beneath them are the summits underfoot; the old town runs along the ridge below them, a UNESCO site of stone lanes in a country of 33,000 people. Monte Titano is a mountain that is a country, and the three towers are its signature.","SM",739,[23,24,25,10,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33],1,2,3,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,"timing|**The plain hazes over by midday** — come at first light or stay for the last hour of sun, when the stone glows and the Adriatic finally separates itself from the sky.\nsafety|**The Passo delle Streghe is a narrow crest with drops on both sides** — the wind that named it funnels hard along the ridge, so skip it in a gale and wear shoes with grip.\ncrowds|**Coach day-trippers from Rimini own the ridge from late morning** — arrive early or stay into the evening, when the walls empty out and the towers are almost yours.\nview|**The best views are between the towers, not inside them** — the rampart path frames Guaita on its pinnacle with the whole plain unrolling behind it.",[36,37,38],"LORPqnk24AQ","yCeSiryEVys","7PuatU8tIVc",[40,45,50,55,60,65,70,75,80,85,90,95,99,104,109,114,119,124,128,132,136,140,144,148,152,156,160,165],{"id":41,"slug":42,"name":43,"color":44},15,"river","Rivers & Streams","#14B8A6",{"id":46,"slug":47,"name":48,"color":49},16,"coast","Coasts & Cliffs","#0891B2",{"id":51,"slug":52,"name":53,"color":54},17,"fjord","Fjords","#6366F1",{"id":56,"slug":57,"name":58,"color":59},18,"valley","Valleys","#22C55E",{"id":61,"slug":62,"name":63,"color":64},19,"volcano","Volcanoes & Craters","#EA580C",{"id":66,"slug":67,"name":68,"color":69},20,"wetland","Wetlands & Deltas","#0D9488",{"id":71,"slug":72,"name":73,"color":74},21,"savanna","Savannas & Plains","#EAB308",{"id":76,"slug":77,"name":78,"color":79},22,"rock-formation","Rock Formations","#9A3412",{"id":81,"slug":82,"name":83,"color":84},23,"plateau","Plateaus & Highlands","#84CC16",{"id":86,"slug":87,"name":88,"color":89},24,"ancient-site","Ancient Sites","#B45309",{"id":91,"slug":92,"name":93,"color":94},25,"sacred-site","Sacred Sites","#9333EA",{"id":9,"slug":96,"name":97,"color":98},"fortress","Fortresses","#78350F",{"id":100,"slug":101,"name":102,"color":103},27,"engineering","Engineering Marvels","#475569",{"id":105,"slug":106,"name":107,"color":108},28,"monumental-art","Monumental Art","#C026D3",{"id":110,"slug":111,"name":112,"color":113},29,"village","Villages","#F97316",{"id":115,"slug":116,"name":117,"color":118},30,"historic-town","Historic Towns","#E11D48",{"id":120,"slug":121,"name":122,"color":123},31,"unique-settlement","Unique Settlements","#10B981",{"id":23,"slug":125,"name":126,"color":127},"waterfall","Waterfalls","#38BDF8",{"id":24,"slug":129,"name":130,"color":131},"lake","Lakes","#3B82F6",{"id":25,"slug":133,"name":134,"color":135},"beach","Beaches & Coves","#0EA5E9",{"id":10,"slug":137,"name":138,"color":139},"mountain","Peaks","#F59E0B",{"id":26,"slug":141,"name":142,"color":143},"forest","Forests","#059669",{"id":27,"slug":145,"name":146,"color":147},"canyon","Canyons","#EF4444",{"id":28,"slug":149,"name":150,"color":151},"cave","Caves","#8B5CF6",{"id":29,"slug":153,"name":154,"color":155},"geothermal","Geothermal & Travertines","#F472B6",{"id":33,"slug":157,"name":158,"color":159},"ice","Ice Worlds","#60A5FA",{"id":161,"slug":162,"name":163,"color":164},13,"island","Islands","#06B6D4",{"id":166,"slug":167,"name":168,"color":169},14,"desert","Deserts","#D97706",{"gallery":171,"exps":186,"boxes":204,"seasons":220,"near":253,"peers":343},[172,174,176,178,181,183],{"url":13,"attribution":173},"Foto: Terragio67 \u002F CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)",{"url":175,"attribution":173},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F541\u002Fg-add-2b928.webp",{"url":177,"attribution":173},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F541\u002Fg-add-9ep5o.webp",{"url":179,"attribution":180},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F541\u002Fg-add-642u4.webp","Foto: Alaexis \u002F CC BY-SA 2.5 (Wikimedia Commons)",{"url":182,"attribution":173},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F541\u002Fg-add-8h1yf.webp",{"url":184,"attribution":185},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F541\u002Fg-add-tbx0.webp","Foto: Naioli \u002F CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)",[187,191,195,199],{"title":188,"description":189,"imageUrl":190,"attribution":173},"Walk the Passo delle Streghe","The old guards' patrol route runs the bare crest between Guaita and Cesta, a stone ledge with the cliff falling away on either side. Hold the rail, feel the wind shove, and stop where the wall steps down. From there Guaita stands ahead of you on its rock pinnacle, with the plain lying far below on both sides of the ridge.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F541\u002Fe1.webp",{"title":192,"description":193,"imageUrl":194,"attribution":173},"Watch paragliders drift past the towers","Free-flight pilots work the air off the ridge and come by level with the battlements, close enough to make out the harness, before spiralling down toward the fields. From the walls you end up looking sideways at them rather than up.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F541\u002Fe2.webp",{"title":196,"description":197,"imageUrl":198,"attribution":173},"Climb into Guaita, the first tower","The oldest of the three, begun in the 11th century and rebuilt during the wars with the Malatesta lords of Rimini, Guaita is entered through a gate in its outer wall and climbed to open ramparts. It served as the republic's prison well into modern times; the cells are empty now and the view runs the length of the ridge.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F541\u002Fe3.webp",{"title":200,"description":201,"imageUrl":202,"attribution":203},"Climb Cesta on the highest summit","The second tower stands on the highest of Monte Titano's three peaks, on the footings of an older fort, and holds a collection of more than 1,500 medieval weapons. From its terrace the wall snakes back along the crest to Guaita, with Montale closing the ridge behind you.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F541\u002Fe4.webp","Foto: Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 3.0)",[205,210,215],{"boxType":206,"title":207,"body":208,"deepBody":209,"sourceNote":18},"geology","The mountain that came from somewhere else","The limestone under the towers does not match the clay hills around it. The whole ridge is a piece of ancient seabed that broke loose and travelled here.","Around twenty million years ago a great submarine limestone plate fragmented as the Apennines rose, and its pieces slid eastward. Monte Titano is one of them; San Leo, Simoncello and Fumaiolo are its scattered siblings. The rock still gives up shark teeth and whale bone.",{"boxType":211,"title":212,"body":213,"deepBody":214,"sourceNote":18},"history","The bombing of a country at war with nobody","On 26 June 1944 the Royal Air Force dropped 263 bombs on San Marino, a republic that had declared its neutrality and was fighting no one.","The intelligence behind the raid — that the Germans were moving men and weapons through San Marino's railway — turned out to be false, and Churchill later admitted as much. The bombing killed sixty-three people in a country that was then housing refugees in its palaces, churches and railway tunnels. A monument to the victims was unveiled in 1994.",{"boxType":216,"title":217,"body":218,"deepBody":219,"sourceNote":18},"did_you_know","Why the towers wear feathers","On the coat of arms each of the three towers is topped with a silver ostrich plume, and the three green hills beneath them are the summits you are standing on.","The plumes are weathervanes, and one reading makes them a pun: penne in Italian means both feathers and quills. Seals kept in the State Archive show the three feathered towers on their mountain as early as the 14th century, long before the modern flag existed.",[221,226,231,236,240,244,248],{"phenomenon":222,"peakMonths":223,"note":224,"requiresDarkSky":225,"sortOrder":23},"fogsea",[32,33,23,24],"On cold, still mornings the Romagna plain below drowns in fog while the 739-metre ridge stays in sunlight, and the three towers stand on an island of limestone above a white sea.",false,{"phenomenon":227,"peakMonths":228,"note":229,"requiresDarkSky":225,"sortOrder":230},"chapter_peak",[23,24,32,33],"The signature season: the towers turn honey-lit at sunset, nights fall near 2°C, snow can dust the ridge, and the light goes early.",50,{"phenomenon":232,"peakMonths":233,"note":234,"requiresDarkSky":225,"sortOrder":235},"chapter_edge",[25,10],"Spring clears the fog off the plain and the snow off the ridge, and the crowds are still thin. The cable car shuts for its annual overhaul (late February into March — the dates move each year), but you can still drive the switchbacks up.",51,{"phenomenon":227,"peakMonths":237,"note":238,"requiresDarkSky":225,"sortOrder":239},[26,27],"The ridge walk at its best — mild days (highs about 20–25°C), the clearest air of the year, and the Adriatic showing as a bright line beyond the plain. Everything is open and running before the summer coaches take over the ridge.",52,{"phenomenon":232,"peakMonths":241,"note":242,"requiresDarkSky":225,"sortOrder":243},[28,29],"High summer keeps the crest alive latest into the night. But it turns hot and hazy by midday, and Rimini coach day-trippers own the ridge, so come at first light or stay for the evening glow.",53,{"phenomenon":232,"peakMonths":245,"note":246,"requiresDarkSky":225,"sortOrder":247},[30,31],"Autumn shoulder: September stays warm and clear, one of the year's best months, with the coach crowds thinning. By October the air cools and the mountain pulls back to its winter rhythm.",54,{"phenomenon":249,"peakMonths":250,"note":251,"requiresDarkSky":225,"sortOrder":252},"baseline",[],"The three towers, the cliff-edge ramparts and the Passo delle Streghe crest stand above the Romagna plain every day of the year; Montale, one of the three towers, has never opened its door to visitors.",99,[254,266,278,289,300,311,322,333],{"id":255,"publicId":256,"slug":257,"name":258,"shortDescription":259,"categoryId":110,"importance":25,"lng":260,"lat":261,"coverImageUrl":262,"country":263,"region":264,"ratingAvg":16,"ratingCount":16,"sensitivity":16,"distanceM":265,"kind":18,"cityGuideId":18},421,"927c26bc3076","cinque-terre","Cinque Terre","Five pastel villages stacked on cliffs above the Ligurian Sea, walked between on a coast path, behind them terraces walled longer than the Great Wall.",9.7275,44.1072,"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F421\u002Fcover.webp","Italy","Liguria",219365.10634927,{"id":267,"publicId":268,"slug":269,"name":270,"shortDescription":271,"categoryId":28,"importance":25,"lng":272,"lat":273,"coverImageUrl":274,"country":275,"region":276,"ratingAvg":16,"ratingCount":16,"sensitivity":16,"distanceM":277,"kind":18,"cityGuideId":18},534,"1506fc248036","skocjan-caves","Škocjan Caves","One of the largest underground river canyons on Earth, in Slovenia, where a river vanishes at a cliff and thunders through halls 146 metres high.",13.99,45.6633,"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F534\u002Fcover.webp","Slovenia","Divača, Kras (Karst)",231490.23566648,{"id":29,"publicId":279,"slug":280,"name":281,"shortDescription":282,"categoryId":24,"importance":24,"lng":283,"lat":284,"coverImageUrl":285,"country":286,"region":287,"ratingAvg":16,"ratingCount":16,"sensitivity":16,"distanceM":288,"kind":18,"cityGuideId":18},"cb3744fd96d0","plitvice-lakes","Plitvice Lakes","Sixteen turquoise lakes stepping down a Croatian canyon, each held by a travertine dam still growing, crossed on boardwalks laid just above the waterfalls.",15.582,44.8654,"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F8\u002Fcover.webp","Croatia","Lika",272173.0045954,{"id":290,"publicId":291,"slug":292,"name":293,"shortDescription":294,"categoryId":23,"importance":24,"lng":295,"lat":296,"coverImageUrl":297,"country":286,"region":298,"ratingAvg":16,"ratingCount":16,"sensitivity":16,"distanceM":299,"kind":18,"cityGuideId":18},406,"c87dbbc31ca5","krka-falls","Krka Waterfalls","A Croatian river that builds the rock steps it falls over — seventeen travertine barriers dropping 46 metres, the largest cascade of its kind in Europe.",15.97277778,43.80194444,"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F406\u002Fcover.webp","Šibenik-Knin",283702.45232629,{"id":301,"publicId":302,"slug":303,"name":304,"shortDescription":305,"categoryId":10,"importance":24,"lng":306,"lat":307,"coverImageUrl":308,"country":263,"region":309,"ratingAvg":16,"ratingCount":16,"sensitivity":16,"distanceM":310,"kind":18,"cityGuideId":18},65,"a76626e5a463","tre-cime-di-lavaredo","Tre Cime di Lavaredo","Three dolomite towers standing alone out of Italian alpine meadow, walked right around in a day, their overhanging north walls among the Alps' great faces.",12.3,46.61666667,"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F65\u002Fcover.webp","South Tyrol",302837.01019675,{"id":312,"publicId":313,"slug":314,"name":315,"shortDescription":316,"categoryId":24,"importance":25,"lng":317,"lat":318,"coverImageUrl":319,"country":275,"region":320,"ratingAvg":16,"ratingCount":16,"sensitivity":16,"distanceM":321,"kind":18,"cityGuideId":18},61,"4a09c8874606","lake-bled","Lake Bled","Slovenia's only natural island — a church on a rock in an alpine lake, rowed to in a pletna boat, under a castle on the cliff.",14.09472222,46.36444444,"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F61\u002Fcover.webp","Upper Carniola",303634.7343988,{"id":323,"publicId":324,"slug":325,"name":326,"shortDescription":327,"categoryId":27,"importance":27,"lng":328,"lat":329,"coverImageUrl":330,"country":275,"region":331,"ratingAvg":16,"ratingCount":16,"sensitivity":16,"distanceM":332,"kind":18,"cityGuideId":18},467,"f7b2bb9f83db","vintgar-gorge","Vintgar Gorge","A 1.6-kilometre gorge walked entirely on wooden galleries bolted to the cliff since 1893, ending at the largest river waterfall in Slovenia.",14.08,46.392,"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F467\u002Fcover.webp","Yukarı Carniola (Gorenjska)",305906.15395527,{"id":334,"publicId":335,"slug":336,"name":337,"shortDescription":338,"categoryId":10,"importance":24,"lng":339,"lat":340,"coverImageUrl":341,"country":263,"region":309,"ratingAvg":16,"ratingCount":16,"sensitivity":16,"distanceM":342,"kind":18,"cityGuideId":18},201,"198966b78ac4","seceda","Seceda (Dolomites)","A tilted meadow in Italy's Dolomites walked out along until it breaks into saw-toothed limestone spires, the same fossil reef, blushing at dusk.",11.713,46.601,"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F201\u002Fcover.webp",306335.61538611,[],[345,350,355,359,364,369,373,377,382,386,390,394,398,402,406,410,414,418,422,426,430,434,438,442,446,450,454,458,462,466,470,474,478,482,486,490,494,498,502,505,509,513,517,521,525,529,533,537,541,545,549,553,556,560,564,568,572,576,580,584,588,592,596,600,604,608,612,616,620,624,628,632,636,640,644,648,652,656,660,664,668,672,676,680,684,688,692,696,700,704,708,712,716,720,724,728,732,736,740,744,748,752,756,760,764,767,771,775,779,783,787,791,795,799,803,807,811,815,819,823,827,831,835,839,843,847,851,855,859,863,867,871,875,879,883,887,891,895,899,903,907,911,915,919,923,927,931,935,939,943,947,951,955,959,963,967,971,975,979,983,987,991,995,999,1003,1007,1011,1015,1019,1023,1027,1031,1035,1039,1043,1047,1051,1055,1059,1063,1067,1071,1075,1079,1083,1087,1091,1095,1099,1101,1105,1109,1113,1117,1121,1125,1129,1133,1137,1140,1144,1148,1152,1156,1160,1164,1168,1172,1176,1180,1184,1188,1192,1196,1200,1204,1208,1212,1216,1220,1224,1228,1232,1236,1240,1244,1248,1252,1256,1260,1264,1268,1272,1276,1280,1284,1288,1292,1296,1300,1304,1308,1312],{"iso2":346,"name":347,"flag":348,"region":349},"AF","Afghanistan","🇦🇫","Asia",{"iso2":351,"name":352,"flag":353,"region":354},"AX","Åland 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