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It is not high, about 57 metres, but it is enormously wide, and what the crowd on the rail is watching is volume. There are three falls. American Falls and the small Bridal Veil are on the United States side; the Horseshoe, a curved wall of green water more than 800 metres around, is mostly Canadian, and the Canadian bank is where all three stack into one view along the riverside promenade. The boats are the classic way in: the Maid of the Mist from the American side and Niagara City Cruises from the Canadian ride right to the foot of the Horseshoe, into the cloud of mist where you cannot see, hear or stay dry.\n\nAt Table Rock, beside the Horseshoe, an elevator drops 38 metres through the rock into tunnels first cut in 1889 that end in openings directly behind the falling water, a wall of white noise a few metres from your face. Downstream, where the gorge bends and the river coils into a whirlpool, a cable car has crossed on six cables since 1916. After dark every night, projectors on the Canadian bank wash all three falls in shifting colour, and in winter the spray freezes on the rails and trees. The falls have a tap. Under a 1950 treaty, half the river is diverted to power stations at night and in winter, so the daytime summer flow is double what goes over on a December night. Twice the water has nearly stopped: for about thirty hours in March 1848, when an ice jam choked the river, and in 1969, when engineers dammed the American Falls to study the rock. In 1901 a 63-year-old schoolteacher, Annie Edson Taylor, went over the Horseshoe in a barrel and lived, the first person ever to do so, and Niagara has been daring people ever since.","CA",[105,110,115,120,125,160,161,162],9,10,11,"water|**Wear the poncho and bag your phone before boarding** — the deck rides straight into the spray cloud and everything on it gets drenched.\ncrowds|**Winter trades the crowds for ice** — frozen spray sculpts the railings and trees into white shapes and the platforms stand nearly empty, though the boats stop running until spring.\naccess|**The two sides are two countries** — the head-on Horseshoe view is Canadian, and crossing the Rainbow Bridge needs a passport and a border queue each way. Choose your side first.",[165],"uf8GE8U-MoM","America\u002FToronto",{"gallery":168,"exps":183,"boxes":209,"seasons":224,"near":262,"peers":263},[169,171,174,177,180],{"url":151,"attribution":170},"Kim Messier \u002F Pexels",{"url":172,"attribution":173},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F3\u002Fg-547.webp","Naman Dutta \u002F Pexels",{"url":175,"attribution":176},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F3\u002Fg-548.webp","Manfred Legasto Francisco \u002F Pexels",{"url":178,"attribution":179},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F3\u002Fg-550.webp","Diego3336 \u002F BY (Openverse)",{"url":181,"attribution":182},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F3\u002Fg-551.webp","Hashim Gaad \u002F Pexels",[184,189,194,199,204],{"title":185,"description":186,"imageUrl":187,"attribution":188},"Ride the boat into the Horseshoe's spray","Board the Maid of the Mist or Niagara City Cruises and ride right to the foot of Horseshoe Falls, into the churning cloud of mist the water throws up. The spray soaks the deck, the roar drowns out every voice, and for a few minutes the falls fill the whole sky above you.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F3\u002Fe-127.webp","William Oris \u002F Pexels",{"title":190,"description":191,"imageUrl":192,"attribution":193},"Walk the tunnels behind the falling water","At Table Rock an elevator drops 38 metres through the rock into the tunnels of Journey Behind the Falls, first cut in 1889 and rebuilt further back in 1944. Two portals open directly behind the Horseshoe's curtain, a white, roaring wall where the view is all sound and weight. The lower deck, added in 1951, stands in the open air beside the base of the falls. It is the one big act here that runs every day of the year.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F3\u002Fe-5631.webp","Rlevse \u002F CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)",{"title":195,"description":196,"imageUrl":197,"attribution":198},"Walk the Ontario promenade to frame all three falls","Follow the riverside promenade on the Canadian bank until American Falls, Bridal Veil and Horseshoe stack into one frame across the water. That alignment only assembles from the Ontario side; from the American shore you catch them edge-on.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F3\u002Fe-129.webp","A's F. \u002F Pexels",{"title":200,"description":201,"imageUrl":202,"attribution":203},"Watch the falls turn colour after dark","Every night a bank of projectors on the Canadian bank washes all three falls in shifting colour. Watch from the riverbank terrace rather than a hotel window — at ground level you get the lit water and the dark gorge in the same frame. On summer and holiday nights it is followed by fireworks over the gorge.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F3\u002Fe-130.webp","dsearls \u002F BY (Openverse)",{"title":205,"description":206,"imageUrl":207,"attribution":208},"Cross the gorge on the 1916 Aero Car","Downstream, where the gorge bends and the river coils into its whirlpool, a cable car has crossed on six cables since August 1916. The Spanish engineer Leonardo Torres Quevedo designed it, and it is the only one of his 'transbordador' system still running. Because the route cuts across the river's elbow, one trip passes over the Canada–US border four times without ever touching the far shore.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F3\u002Fe-5632.webp","Ad Meskens \u002F CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)",[210,215,220],{"boxType":211,"title":212,"body":213,"deepBody":214,"sourceNote":156},"did_you_know","The winter the falls fell silent","For about thirty hours in March 1848 an ice jam choked the river and Niagara ran nearly dry — the only time the water has almost stopped.","Residents walked out onto the exposed riverbed to gather relics before the water broke through. It has not happened again, and not by luck. A steel boom nearly three kilometres long has been strung across the outlet of Lake Erie every winter since 1964. It must come out by April 1, unless eastern Lake Erie still carries more than 250 square miles of ice.",{"boxType":216,"title":217,"body":218,"deepBody":219,"sourceNote":156},"history","The day engineers switched off the falls","In 1969 the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers dammed the American channel and left American Falls dry for months to study its crumbling rock face.","Crews trucked in tons of rock to build a cofferdam that pushed the whole flow toward Horseshoe Falls, then drilled cores, mapped cracks and measured the stone as they weighed whether to clear the rubble below. In the end they left it to nature and let the water back.",{"boxType":211,"title":221,"body":222,"deepBody":223,"sourceNote":156},"Over the falls in a barrel","The first person to go over Niagara and survive was a 63-year-old schoolteacher, Annie Edson Taylor, who sealed herself in a barrel in 1901.","Taylor hoped the stunt would rescue her from poverty; she emerged battered but alive after plunging over Horseshoe Falls, though fame and fortune never followed. A string of later daredevils tried the same, and going over the falls is now illegal on both sides.",[225,230,234,239,244,249,253,257],{"phenomenon":226,"peakMonths":227,"note":228,"requiresDarkSky":229,"sortOrder":90},"foliage",[161],"The Niagara Gorge and the parkland along both rims turn red and gold, peaking mid-to-late October — later than the rest of Ontario, because the lakes hold the warmth.",false,{"phenomenon":231,"peakMonths":232,"note":233,"requiresDarkSky":229,"sortOrder":95},"highwater",[105,110,115,120,125,160,161],"The falls have a tap: from April 1 to October 31 the 1950 treaty holds the daytime flow at 100,000 cubic feet a second — double the 50,000 that goes over the rest of the year.",{"phenomenon":235,"peakMonths":236,"note":237,"requiresDarkSky":229,"sortOrder":238},"chapter_quiet",[90,95,100,130],"The treaty halves the flow day and night, and the Aero Car stops for the season. What's left: frozen spray glazing the gorge, an ice mountain building under the falls in a cold winter, and the Winter Festival of Lights running to January 4.",50,{"phenomenon":240,"peakMonths":241,"note":242,"requiresDarkSky":229,"sortOrder":243},"chapter_edge",[105],"On April 1 the treaty's higher daytime flow resumes and the water over the falls doubles. The ice boom is pulled from the river mouth. The boats return only once the river clears, which was March 16 one year and May 8 the next.",51,{"phenomenon":245,"peakMonths":246,"note":247,"requiresDarkSky":229,"sortOrder":248},"chapter_peak",[110,115,120,125],"The treaty's full daytime flow is on, and every route listed here is running. Fireworks burst nightly from mid-May, and the boat sails into the Horseshoe's spray cloud.",52,{"phenomenon":245,"peakMonths":250,"note":251,"requiresDarkSky":229,"sortOrder":252},[160,161],"The crowds ease as the leaves turn. Full daytime flow holds to October 31, and the nightly fireworks run to Canadian Thanksgiving.",53,{"phenomenon":240,"peakMonths":254,"note":255,"requiresDarkSky":229,"sortOrder":256},[162],"On November 1 the diversion takes half the river back for the winter, but the boats and the Aero Car run on toward month's end, and the Winter Festival of Lights switches on in the middle of it.",54,{"phenomenon":258,"peakMonths":259,"note":260,"requiresDarkSky":229,"sortOrder":261},"baseline",[],"Niagara thunders every day of the year and is floodlit every night, with Journey Behind the Falls open in every season — yet at every hour at least half the river goes to the 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