[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"dest-702feead6c2b":3,"categories-en":39,"detail-extra-58":171,"travel-countries-en":294},{"id":4,"publicId":5,"slug":6,"name":7,"shortDescription":8,"categoryId":9,"importance":10,"lng":11,"lat":12,"coverImageUrl":13,"country":14,"region":15,"ratingAvg":16,"ratingCount":16,"sensitivity":16,"distanceM":-1,"kind":17,"cityGuideId":18,"description":19,"countryCode":20,"adminArea":18,"elevationM":21,"bestMonths":22,"tips":33,"howToGetThere":18,"youtubeIds":34,"timezone":38,"cityGuideSlug":18,"cityGuidePublicId":18,"cityGuideName":18,"poiTheme":18,"poiNeighborhood":18},58,"702feead6c2b","salar-de-uyuni","Salar de Uyuni","The world's largest salt flat, 10,500 square kilometres in Bolivia, so level that a sheet of rain turns the whole plain into a mirror.",2,1,-67.48913333,-20.133775,"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F58\u002Fcover-hkgw.webp","Bolivia","Potosí",0,"nature",null,"In southwestern Bolivia, high in the Andes, Salar de Uyuni is the world's largest salt flat, covering 10,500 square kilometres. Its surface is almost perfectly flat for kilometres, and during the dry season the salt crust breaks into regular hexagonal patterns that continue in white all the way to the horizon. During the rainy season, heaviest in January and February, a thin layer of water turns the flat into a vast mirror. The sky seems to continue beneath your feet, the horizon disappears, and walking across the surface can feel like moving through the sky itself. Incahuasi Island rises abruptly from this expanse at its centre, covered with centuries-old giant cacti and standing on the exposed fossil remains of an ancient coral reef. The immense salt plain itself was formed from layers of salt and minerals left behind as a huge prehistoric lake system gradually dried up.\n\nSalar de Uyuni is more than an endless white surface. As you move towards its edges and the surrounding high plateau, the landscape changes into a succession of salt-harvesting areas and volcanic peaks, with the vividly coloured lagoons of the Eduardo Avaroa reserve further south, where flamingos gather. The flat is usually explored by four-wheel-drive vehicles, and in the dry months, roughly May to November, they can reach Incahuasi. Its scale becomes easier to understand when you realise how quickly you lose any sense of direction: for kilometres, there may be almost no reference point beyond the horizon. Beneath this apparently empty landscape lies a resource with global economic importance; Salar de Uyuni contains an immense brine reserve associated with one of the world's largest known lithium resources. By day, the plain is defined by intense white light; by night, its high-altitude setting reveals an exceptionally clear sky. Salar de Uyuni is therefore not simply a landscape to look at, but a place whose scale only becomes fully understandable once you are inside it.","BO",3656,[10,9,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32],3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,"months|**The mirror is at its best in January and February**, when the heaviest rains leave a few centimetres of still water on the crust; toward the drier edges of the season it turns patchy.\nwater|**Go out at first light or in the last hour before sunset**, when there's no wind — even a light breeze ripples the surface and breaks the reflection.\naccess|**Reaching Isla Incahuasi and its giant cacti needs the dry season (May–November)** — at the height of the floods the island can be cut off by water.\nsafety|**Pack real layers, strong sunscreen and sunglasses** — at 3,656 metres the nights drop well below freezing even in summer, and the glare off the white is fierce.",[35,36,37],"iA_ZA0AfGZM","qjDTpw8rOBE","ORCv0jpf1JA","America\u002FLa_Paz",[40,45,50,55,60,65,70,75,80,85,90,95,100,105,110,115,120,125,129,133,137,141,145,149,153,157,161,166],{"id":41,"slug":42,"name":43,"color":44},15,"river","Rivers & Streams","#14B8A6",{"id":46,"slug":47,"name":48,"color":49},16,"coast","Coasts & Cliffs","#0891B2",{"id":51,"slug":52,"name":53,"color":54},17,"fjord","Fjords","#6366F1",{"id":56,"slug":57,"name":58,"color":59},18,"valley","Valleys","#22C55E",{"id":61,"slug":62,"name":63,"color":64},19,"volcano","Volcanoes & Craters","#EA580C",{"id":66,"slug":67,"name":68,"color":69},20,"wetland","Wetlands & Deltas","#0D9488",{"id":71,"slug":72,"name":73,"color":74},21,"savanna","Savannas & Plains","#EAB308",{"id":76,"slug":77,"name":78,"color":79},22,"rock-formation","Rock Formations","#9A3412",{"id":81,"slug":82,"name":83,"color":84},23,"plateau","Plateaus & Highlands","#84CC16",{"id":86,"slug":87,"name":88,"color":89},24,"ancient-site","Ancient Sites","#B45309",{"id":91,"slug":92,"name":93,"color":94},25,"sacred-site","Sacred Sites","#9333EA",{"id":96,"slug":97,"name":98,"color":99},26,"fortress","Fortresses","#78350F",{"id":101,"slug":102,"name":103,"color":104},27,"engineering","Engineering Marvels","#475569",{"id":106,"slug":107,"name":108,"color":109},28,"monumental-art","Monumental Art","#C026D3",{"id":111,"slug":112,"name":113,"color":114},29,"village","Villages","#F97316",{"id":116,"slug":117,"name":118,"color":119},30,"historic-town","Historic Towns","#E11D48",{"id":121,"slug":122,"name":123,"color":124},31,"unique-settlement","Unique Settlements","#10B981",{"id":10,"slug":126,"name":127,"color":128},"waterfall","Waterfalls","#38BDF8",{"id":9,"slug":130,"name":131,"color":132},"lake","Lakes","#3B82F6",{"id":23,"slug":134,"name":135,"color":136},"beach","Beaches & Coves","#0EA5E9",{"id":24,"slug":138,"name":139,"color":140},"mountain","Peaks","#F59E0B",{"id":25,"slug":142,"name":143,"color":144},"forest","Forests","#059669",{"id":26,"slug":146,"name":147,"color":148},"canyon","Canyons","#EF4444",{"id":27,"slug":150,"name":151,"color":152},"cave","Caves","#8B5CF6",{"id":28,"slug":154,"name":155,"color":156},"geothermal","Geothermal & Travertines","#F472B6",{"id":32,"slug":158,"name":159,"color":160},"ice","Ice Worlds","#60A5FA",{"id":162,"slug":163,"name":164,"color":165},13,"island","Islands","#06B6D4",{"id":167,"slug":168,"name":169,"color":170},14,"desert","Deserts","#D97706",{"gallery":172,"exps":187,"boxes":208,"seasons":229,"near":271,"peers":293},[173,175,178,181,184],{"url":13,"attribution":174},"Mycroft Roxton \u002F Pexels",{"url":176,"attribution":177},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F58\u002Fg0.webp","Alexander Rondón \u002F Pexels",{"url":179,"attribution":180},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F58\u002Fg1.webp","Mate Romano \u002F Pexels",{"url":182,"attribution":183},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F58\u002Fg3.webp","\"Isla Incahuasi, Salar de Uyuni, Bolivia\" by Dimitry B · CC BY 2.0 (creativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby\u002F2.0)",{"url":185,"attribution":186},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F58\u002Fg4-aggs.webp","\"Salar De Uyuni Train\" by Pedro Henrique Santos, CC BY 3.0 (https:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby\u002F3.0\u002F)",[188,193,198,203],{"title":189,"description":190,"imageUrl":191,"attribution":192},"Walk out onto the salt","In the wet season a few centimetres of still water lie over the flat and double the sky: with no fixed horizon, distance stops making sense and clouds pass beneath your boots. Jeeps run out from Uyuni town to reach the middle, where the only marks left are the tyre tracks behind you. As the sun drops the sheet glows orange and pink until ground and sky are one wash of light, and the stillest mirror comes just after sundown. In the dry months the water is gone and you cross hardened crust that crunches underfoot — coarse, grey-edged and rock-hard, nothing like the snow it resembles from a distance.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F58\u002Fe2.webp","\"Salar de Uyuni\" by Miradas.com.br · CC BY 2.0 (creativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby\u002F2.0)",{"title":194,"description":195,"imageUrl":196,"attribution":197},"Climb Isla Incahuasi","Hike the short rocky trail to the top of this island stranded in the middle of the salt. From the summit the flat runs white and unbroken to distant mountains on every side, and you look straight down onto the crust you just crossed.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F58\u002Fe-3933-db1d98.webp","\"04-Isla Incahuasi-nX-2\" by PsamatheM, CC BY-SA 4.0 (https:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-sa\u002F4.0\u002F)",{"title":199,"description":200,"imageUrl":201,"attribution":202},"Stargaze between two skies","With no towns for hundreds of kilometres and thin, dry air at altitude, the night sky here is dense with stars. Come in the wet season and the still water doubles them, so the constellations hang above you and below you at once.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F58\u002Fe-3934-86732e.webp","\"Luminous Salar de Uyuni\" by Ziyi Stephanie Ye \u002F IAU OAE, CC BY 4.0 (https:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby\u002F4.0\u002F)",{"title":204,"description":205,"imageUrl":206,"attribution":207},"Wander the train cemetery","On the edge of Uyuni town, rows of steam locomotives stand out in the open, eaten away by the salty wind and abandoned when the mining boom that built the railway collapsed. You can climb over the corroded engines, left beside a line British engineers laid in the late 1800s.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F58\u002Fe-285-6febb7.webp","\"02-Train-Cemetery-Uyuni-nX-11\" by PsamatheM, CC BY-SA 4.0 (https:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-sa\u002F4.0\u002F)",[209,214,219,224],{"boxType":210,"title":211,"body":212,"deepBody":213,"sourceNote":18},"geology","From lake to salt","The flat is the dried floor of Lake Tauca, a vast Ice-Age lake that once filled this basin and then evaporated away, leaving its dissolved salt behind as crust.","Tauca was the last and largest of several lakes that filled and dried in this basin. At its highest it stood about 3,760 metres above sea level, deep enough to join the Uyuni, Coipasa and Poopó basins into one body of water covering some 50,000 square kilometres. Dating puts that high stand in the last glacial period, broadly 18,000 to 14,000 years ago, though published chronologies differ by a few thousand years. As it evaporated in the dry Altiplano air it left its dissolved salt behind, and the crust you walk on sits in alternating layers of halite and lake clay.",{"boxType":215,"title":216,"body":217,"deepBody":218,"sourceNote":18},"did_you_know","Flat enough to aim a satellite at","Because the salt is so level and so uniformly bright, space agencies use Salar de Uyuni to calibrate the instruments on Earth-observing satellites.","Its combination of extreme flatness and high, even reflectivity makes it a far more stable reference than the open sea, cited as around five times as effective. Passing spacecraft use it to check and tune their altimeters and sensors.",{"boxType":220,"title":221,"body":222,"deepBody":223,"sourceNote":18},"legend","Tunupa's tears","In Aymara tradition the salar was born from Tunupa, the volcano on its northern shore — a grieving goddess whose milk and tears spread across the plain.","Local legend explains the salt flat through Tunupa, a woman of the old stories who also gives her name to the volcano beside it. In the legend the volcanoes around the plain are her relatives, and the white surface is the milk and the tears she shed after she was left alone. For local people the volcano, not the salt, is the main character here, and some maps call the flat itself Salar de Tunupa.",{"boxType":225,"title":226,"body":227,"deepBody":228,"sourceNote":18},"history","The brine under the crust is the argument","Beneath the salt lies one of the largest lithium accumulations on Earth — US Geological Survey figures put something like a sixth of the world's identified resources in this basin and the flats next to it.","Bolivia has kept extraction in state hands through the company YLB, and progress has been slow. The brine here carries an unusually high ratio of magnesium to lithium, which makes it harder and costlier to process than the Chilean salars next door. The mirror everyone photographs sits on top of the most contested battery supply in South America.",[230,235,240,244,249,254,258,262,266],{"phenomenon":231,"peakMonths":232,"note":233,"requiresDarkSky":234,"sortOrder":10},"saltmirror",[10,9],"The December–March rains lay a few centimetres of water on the crust, and the flat turns into a mirror of the sky. January and February are the wettest months and give the cleanest reflection, calmest at dawn and dusk.",false,{"phenomenon":236,"peakMonths":237,"note":238,"requiresDarkSky":239,"sortOrder":9},"milkyway",[26,27,28],"At 3,656 m, with almost no artificial light for hundreds of kilometres, the dry-season nights are cloudless and the Milky Way stands overhead. In the wet season those same stars are reflected in the water below.",true,{"phenomenon":241,"peakMonths":242,"note":243,"requiresDarkSky":234,"sortOrder":23},"flamingo",[10,9,23],"The rains flood the salt flat and bring all three flamingo species in to feed: James's and Andean sieve diatoms out of the water, and only the Chilean takes brine shrimp. They do not nest here — the colonies are at Laguna Colorada, 4,278 m, in the Avaroa reserve.",{"phenomenon":245,"peakMonths":246,"note":247,"requiresDarkSky":234,"sortOrder":248},"chapter_peak",[10,9],"The wettest weeks of the year lay a few centimetres of water on the salt and the flat turns into the mirror. The same water can cut off Isla Incahuasi and force drivers to reroute.",50,{"phenomenon":250,"peakMonths":251,"note":252,"requiresDarkSky":234,"sortOrder":253},"chapter_edge",[23,24],"The rain slackens and the sheet thins: mirror still lies in patches, hexagons surface elsewhere, and the island comes back within reach. Two faces of the salar in one crossing.",51,{"phenomenon":245,"peakMonths":255,"note":256,"requiresDarkSky":234,"sortOrder":257},[25,26,27,28],"Bone-dry and blinding: the crust is cracked into hexagons, every route runs and Isla Incahuasi is open. Winter nights drop below freezing — July is the coldest — and the Milky Way burns overhead.",52,{"phenomenon":250,"peakMonths":259,"note":260,"requiresDarkSky":234,"sortOrder":261},[29,30],"Still dry, still fully open, and the nights are easing off the winter cold. The crust keeps its hexagons and the jeeps thin out; the first showers can wet the edges late in October.",53,{"phenomenon":250,"peakMonths":263,"note":264,"requiresDarkSky":234,"sortOrder":265},[31,32],"Rain returns and shallow water spreads unevenly — the first reflections appear, patchy and unreliable. The flat is still dry enough in places that Isla Incahuasi stays within reach and the hexagons hold.",54,{"phenomenon":267,"peakMonths":268,"note":269,"requiresDarkSky":234,"sortOrder":270},"baseline",[],"The salt is always under your feet: 10,500 km² of crust at 3,656 m, the volcano Tunupa on the northern rim, and nights with no light for hundreds of kilometres.",99,[272,282],{"id":273,"publicId":274,"slug":275,"name":276,"shortDescription":277,"categoryId":9,"importance":9,"lng":278,"lat":279,"coverImageUrl":280,"country":14,"region":15,"ratingAvg":16,"ratingCount":16,"sensitivity":10,"distanceM":281,"kind":18,"cityGuideId":18},328,"06fded81a60c","laguna-colorada","Laguna Colorada","A Bolivian lake the colour of dried blood at 4,278 metres, barely thirty-five centimetres deep, dotted with borax islands and waded by three flamingo 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