[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"categories-en":3,"dest-85e34d1e6978":144,"detail-extra-44":171,"travel-countries-en":285},[4,9,14,19,24,29,34,39,44,49,54,59,64,69,74,79,84,89,94,99,104,109,114,119,124,129,134,139],{"id":5,"slug":6,"name":7,"color":8},15,"river","Rivers & Streams","#14B8A6",{"id":10,"slug":11,"name":12,"color":13},16,"coast","Coasts & Cliffs","#0891B2",{"id":15,"slug":16,"name":17,"color":18},17,"fjord","Fjords","#6366F1",{"id":20,"slug":21,"name":22,"color":23},18,"valley","Valleys","#22C55E",{"id":25,"slug":26,"name":27,"color":28},19,"volcano","Volcanoes & Craters","#EA580C",{"id":30,"slug":31,"name":32,"color":33},20,"wetland","Wetlands & Deltas","#0D9488",{"id":35,"slug":36,"name":37,"color":38},21,"savanna","Savannas & Plains","#EAB308",{"id":40,"slug":41,"name":42,"color":43},22,"rock-formation","Rock Formations","#9A3412",{"id":45,"slug":46,"name":47,"color":48},23,"plateau","Plateaus & Highlands","#84CC16",{"id":50,"slug":51,"name":52,"color":53},24,"ancient-site","Ancient Sites","#B45309",{"id":55,"slug":56,"name":57,"color":58},25,"sacred-site","Sacred Sites","#9333EA",{"id":60,"slug":61,"name":62,"color":63},26,"fortress","Fortresses","#78350F",{"id":65,"slug":66,"name":67,"color":68},27,"engineering","Engineering Marvels","#475569",{"id":70,"slug":71,"name":72,"color":73},28,"monumental-art","Monumental Art","#C026D3",{"id":75,"slug":76,"name":77,"color":78},29,"village","Villages","#F97316",{"id":80,"slug":81,"name":82,"color":83},30,"historic-town","Historic Towns","#E11D48",{"id":85,"slug":86,"name":87,"color":88},31,"unique-settlement","Unique Settlements","#10B981",{"id":90,"slug":91,"name":92,"color":93},1,"waterfall","Waterfalls","#38BDF8",{"id":95,"slug":96,"name":97,"color":98},2,"lake","Lakes","#3B82F6",{"id":100,"slug":101,"name":102,"color":103},3,"beach","Beaches & Coves","#0EA5E9",{"id":105,"slug":106,"name":107,"color":108},4,"mountain","Peaks","#F59E0B",{"id":110,"slug":111,"name":112,"color":113},5,"forest","Forests","#059669",{"id":115,"slug":116,"name":117,"color":118},6,"canyon","Canyons","#EF4444",{"id":120,"slug":121,"name":122,"color":123},7,"cave","Caves","#8B5CF6",{"id":125,"slug":126,"name":127,"color":128},8,"geothermal","Geothermal & Travertines","#F472B6",{"id":130,"slug":131,"name":132,"color":133},12,"ice","Ice Worlds","#60A5FA",{"id":135,"slug":136,"name":137,"color":138},13,"island","Islands","#06B6D4",{"id":140,"slug":141,"name":142,"color":143},14,"desert","Deserts","#D97706",{"id":145,"publicId":146,"slug":147,"name":148,"shortDescription":149,"categoryId":125,"importance":95,"lng":150,"lat":151,"coverImageUrl":152,"country":153,"region":154,"ratingAvg":155,"ratingCount":155,"sensitivity":155,"distanceM":-1,"kind":156,"cityGuideId":157,"description":158,"countryCode":159,"adminArea":157,"elevationM":160,"bestMonths":161,"tips":164,"howToGetThere":157,"youtubeIds":165,"timezone":170,"cityGuideSlug":157,"cityGuidePublicId":157,"cityGuideName":157,"poiTheme":157,"poiNeighborhood":157},44,"85e34d1e6978","yellowstone","Yellowstone","Half the world's geysers, venting above an active supervolcano, share the park with America's largest wild bison herd and wolves returned in 1995.",-110.5885,44.428,"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F44\u002Fcover.webp","United States","Wyoming",0,"nature",null,"Yellowstone is a high volcanic plateau in the northwest corner of Wyoming, the first national park in the world, and it holds about half of all the geysers on Earth, venting above a volcano that is still active under the ground. Old Faithful is the one everyone waits for. The visitor centre posts a predicted time with a twenty-minute margin, the semicircle of benches fills, and the geyser throws a column of boiling water thirty to fifty metres roughly every ninety minutes, as it has for as long as anyone has watched. Nearby, Grand Prismatic Spring is a lake of colour rings: the blue eye at the centre is water close to boiling in which nothing lives, dropping about fifty metres straight down, and the orange and yellow rings around it are mats of heat-loving microbes, each colour a different temperature. Morning Glory Pool was once deep blue all the way across; decades of coins and rubbish thrown in have cooled it, and its edges have gone yellow and orange. At Mammoth, boardwalks thread between stepped white terraces of limestone, a waterfall turned to stone.\n\nThe park is also the largest wildlife stage in the United States. In Lamar Valley the biggest wild bison herd in America crosses the road on its own schedule, and the rule is simple: you stop, switch off the engine and wait. Wolves were brought back in 1995 after seventy years' absence, and dawn in the same valley is when people with spotting scopes watch the packs; from September to mid-October bull elk bugle across the northern range to hold their harems. At Artist Point you stand over the Lower Falls of the Yellowstone River, twice the height of Niagara, at the head of a canyon whose walls are yellow, the colour that named the place. Under all of it is the caldera. The whole park is the roof of a supervolcano, and its floor rises and falls by centimetres from year to year as molten rock shifts below, which is why the ground steams, bubbles and smells of sulphur wherever you walk.","US",2400,[90,95,100,105,110,115,120,125,162,163,130],9,10,"view|**Grand Prismatic's colours only make sense from above** — skip the boardwalk-level steam and climb the short Fairy Falls trail to the overlook, where the full sweep of rainbow rings opens beneath you.\ntiming|**Geyser eruptions are predicted, not random** — the visitor centre and the NPS app post windows for Old Faithful and several larger geysers, so time your loop around the next posted eruption rather than waiting blind.\nwildlife|**Dawn and dusk are the animal hours** — carry binoculars to Lamar or Hayden Valley for bison, elk, and distant wolves, and stay at least 25 metres from bison and elk, 100 from bears and wolves.\naccess|**Most park roads close to cars from November to April** — only the northern road through Mammoth and Lamar stays open, and the interior reopens around late April, so check road status before a shoulder-season drive.\ncrowds|**Summer turns Old Faithful and the main basins into a crush** — come before 9am or after 6pm, and use the quieter West Thumb or Norris basins to see geothermal features without the queue.",[166,167,168,169],"_czT3k2K5lM","yShBOw2-dWg","t0KYoy7tv6I","jDf1n_pueuk","America\u002FDenver",{"gallery":172,"exps":187,"boxes":218,"seasons":234,"near":273,"peers":284},[173,175,178,181,184],{"url":152,"attribution":174},"Siegfried Poepperl \u002F Pexels",{"url":176,"attribution":177},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F44\u002Fg-577.webp","Zach LeBlanc \u002F Pexels",{"url":179,"attribution":180},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F44\u002Fg-578.webp","Daniel Erlandson \u002F Pexels",{"url":182,"attribution":183},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F44\u002Fg-579.webp","Thomas K \u002F Pexels",{"url":185,"attribution":186},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F44\u002Fg-580.webp","Gregory Rogers \u002F Pexels",[188,193,198,203,208,213],{"title":189,"description":190,"imageUrl":191,"attribution":192},"Wait for Old Faithful to erupt","The visitor centre posts a predicted time with a twenty-minute margin, and the semicircle of wooden benches fills up well before it. The wait is part of it: the vent hisses and spits false starts, the crowd goes quiet, and then the column climbs forty metres and holds for several minutes. Come back for a second eruption after dark if the moon is up — the same column, no crowd, and steam instead of spray.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F44\u002Fe-167.webp","Terra Stone \u002F Pexels",{"title":194,"description":195,"imageUrl":196,"attribution":197},"Read Grand Prismatic's colour rings","The blue eye at the centre is empty water: at close to boiling, nothing lives in it, and it drops about fifty metres straight down. The same mats that run orange and red under summer sun turn dark green in winter, so the ring colours are not fixed. The spring pushes out roughly 2,100 litres a minute, and the runoff channels carry the same colour bands downhill.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F44\u002Fe-168.webp","I Bautista \u002F Pexels",{"title":199,"description":200,"imageUrl":201,"attribution":202},"Wait out a bison jam in Lamar Valley","Herds cross the road on their own schedule here, and the rule is simple: you stop, switch off, and wait. In late July and August the rut turns the valley loud, with bulls bellowing in a rumble that carries across the grass and rolling in dust wallows they scrape open with horn and hoof. In winter the same animals swing their heads like ploughs to sweep snow off the grass.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F44\u002Fe-169.webp","YellowstoneNPS \u002F PDM (Openverse)",{"title":204,"description":205,"imageUrl":206,"attribution":207},"Walk among Mammoth's limestone terraces","Stroll the boardwalks that thread between stepped white terraces, which look like a waterfall turned to stone. Hot water rises here carrying dissolved calcium carbonate, and it leaves the mineral behind as it cools, building the terraces up over centuries. The process is still running, so the shapes shift noticeably from one year to the next.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F44\u002Fe-170.webp","Delaney Van Vranken \u002F Pexels",{"title":209,"description":210,"imageUrl":211,"attribution":212},"See what visitors did to Morning Glory Pool","Morning Glory was once deep blue all the way across. Decades of coins, rubbish and rocks thrown in have partly blocked the vent that feeds it, the water cooled, and cooler-loving orange and yellow microbes moved in from the rim toward the centre. The pool is beautiful and it is also a record of damage — you are looking at the colour change itself. Nearby Emerald Pool shows the same banding for natural reasons.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F44\u002Fe-171.webp","James Lee \u002F Unsplash",{"title":214,"description":215,"imageUrl":216,"attribution":217},"Stand over the Lower Falls at Artist Point","Walk out to Artist Point on the South Rim and look up the Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone. The river drops 94 metres over the Lower Falls between cliffs stained yellow, pink, and rust by iron in the ancient volcanic rock. It is the yellow stone that gives the river, and the park, its name.","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.jouvida.com\u002Fdestinations\u002F44\u002Fe6-8w0m.webp","\"Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone\" by Larry D. Moore, CC BY 4.0 (https:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby\u002F4.0)",[219,224,229],{"boxType":220,"title":221,"body":222,"deepBody":223,"sourceNote":157},"geology","The ground that breathes","The whole park is the roof of a supervolcano, and its floor slowly rises and falls as molten rock shifts below, moving by centimetres from year to year.","The Yellowstone hotspot has driven three cataclysmic eruptions in the last 2.1 million years, the most recent about 640,000 years ago. Today the caldera floor inflates and deflates as magma and hot gas move beneath it, and the geyser basins are the pressure-release valves of that living system.",{"boxType":225,"title":226,"body":227,"deepBody":228,"sourceNote":157},"history","The park that invented parks","When Congress set Yellowstone aside in 1872, no country had ever protected land purely as a public park; the idea spread from here across the world.","Early expeditions returned with reports so strange that Congress half-doubted them, until the painter Thomas Moran and photographer William Henry Jackson brought back images from the 1871 Hayden Survey. Their work helped persuade lawmakers, and 'national park' became a model later copied by dozens of countries.",{"boxType":230,"title":231,"body":232,"deepBody":233,"sourceNote":157},"wildlife","The wolves that came back","Fourteen wolves were released here in 1995, seventy years after the last ones were killed, and the park has been arguing about the result ever since.","The popular version says wolves moved the elk, the willows grew back, and even the rivers changed course. A twenty-year study did find streamside willow crown volume up roughly fifteenfold, and beaver colonies on the northern range rose from one in 1996 to about a dozen by 2009. How much of that is wolves, and how much drought, bears and hunting, is still contested.",[235,240,245,250,254,258,262,268],{"phenomenon":236,"peakMonths":237,"note":238,"requiresDarkSky":239,"sortOrder":90},"migration",[162,163],"From early September to mid-October bull elk take over the northern range, bugling to hold harems of cows and clashing antlers with rivals; Mammoth's lawns and the Madison meadows are the reliable stages.",false,{"phenomenon":241,"peakMonths":242,"note":243,"requiresDarkSky":239,"sortOrder":244},"chapter_peak",[90,95,130],"From 15 December snowcoaches and guided snowmobiles are the only way to Old Faithful, which erupts into air well below freezing. Wolves show black against the snow on the northern range, and bison graze the warm ground by the Madison.",50,{"phenomenon":246,"peakMonths":247,"note":248,"requiresDarkSky":239,"sortOrder":249},"chapter_edge",[100,105],"Oversnow travel and both winter lodges finish in the first half of March, and then the plows work. The road to Old Faithful reopens in mid-April, weather permitting, by which time grizzlies are out and the first bison calves arrive.",51,{"phenomenon":246,"peakMonths":251,"note":252,"requiresDarkSky":239,"sortOrder":253},[110],"The park reopens in stages through May: Sylvan Pass on the 1st, the south entrance on the 8th, Dunraven and the Beartooth on the 22nd. Meanwhile snowmelt drives the Lower Falls at full force and bison calves follow the herds.",52,{"phenomenon":241,"peakMonths":255,"note":256,"requiresDarkSky":239,"sortOrder":257},[115,120,125],"Every road and entrance is finally open, the microbial mats around Grand Prismatic burn orange under the strong sun, and from late July bulls fight through the bison rut in Lamar and Hayden - with the year's crowds.",53,{"phenomenon":241,"peakMonths":259,"note":260,"requiresDarkSky":239,"sortOrder":261},[162,163],"The crowds drain away and the year shuts down around you: Dunraven Pass and the Beartooth close on 12 October, everything else on the 31st. Low autumn sun picks out the steam, which stands in columns over the basins on cold mornings.",54,{"phenomenon":263,"peakMonths":264,"note":266,"requiresDarkSky":239,"sortOrder":267},"chapter_quiet",[265],11,"Every entrance but the northern one shuts on 1 November, and oversnow travel has not begun. Old Faithful and Grand Prismatic are unreachable and the lodges are closed. The Gardiner–Cooke City road still runs, so Mammoth's terraces and Lamar's wolves stay within reach.",55,{"phenomenon":269,"peakMonths":270,"note":271,"requiresDarkSky":239,"sortOrder":272},"baseline",[],"Over 10,000 hydrothermal features steam every day of the year and Old Faithful keeps its rhythm through midwinter; roughly 5,300 bison and 85 wolves stay all year. 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