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Mount Roraima

Mount Roraima

PeaksVenezuelaBolívar,Venezuela

A tabletop mountain walled by 400-metre cliffs where Venezuela, Brazil and Guyana meet, climbed over several days onto a summit whose life exists nowhere else.

September·Quiet month

Sep–Nov

The rains ease off their June peak but stay well above the dry months: the savanna is still green, the fords are falling and the trail slowly firms toward December, though cloud still often hides the summit. Nothing closes; guides run all year.



Year-round The summit stands behind 400-metre walls and can be reached only up its single ramp, with licensed Pemón guides. On top are a maze of black sandstone, quartz-strewn valleys, and sun-pitcher plants and pebble toads found nowhere else. It is open every day, and December to March is the dry trekking season.

Mount Roraima is a tabletop mountain walled by cliffs 400 metres high at the point where Venezuela, Brazil and Guyana meet, the highest of the tepuis of the Guiana Highlands, and it is climbed over several days to a summit of black rock, quartz and constant cloud whose plants and animals exist nowhere else. The mountain is a slab of sandstone two billion years old, and its summit has been cut off from the world for so long that its life evolved alone: sun-pitchers and other plants that trap their own food because the rain strips the rock of nutrients, and a tiny black frog that cannot hop. In Pemón, tepui means house of the gods, and Roraima is the greatest of them, the stump of a mighty tree that once held every fruit and crop in the world until it was felled and the flood poured out. Arthur Conan Doyle put dinosaurs on it in The Lost World, and from the Gran Sabana below, with its walls rising sheer out of the grassland, the idea does not seem foolish. The trek begins at the Pemón village of Paraitepui, the last point a road reaches, and crosses open savanna for two days with a licensed guide and porters to the foot of the wall, then climbs a ramp, the only weakness in the cliffs, to the summit in a day. The top is a maze: black rock carved by rain into towers and gullies, pools in round hollows that trekkers call the jacuzzis, and the Valley of Crystals, where clear quartz lies loose in clusters that crunch underfoot and flash when the sun breaks through. Nights are spent in what the guides call hotels, flat dry ground under sandstone overhangs, and a walk reaches the triple point where the three countries meet on a concrete marker. Cloud wraps the summit most of the year, clearing for minutes; the dry season from December to March gives the best odds. Roraima is a mountain with a lost world on top, and the world is still there.

Worth knowing

Good to know

  • Roraima is usually wrapped in cloud — the summit clears for minutes at a time, so build spare days into the trek and the open, three-country views will eventually come.
  • You can climb only with a licensed Pemón guide from Paraitepui — independent ascents are barred and the round trip takes about six days, so book well ahead and plan the time.
  • Pack for cold, wet nights even this close to the equator — summit weather turns within minutes and you sleep in open rock shelters, so waterproofs, warm layers and sturdy boots matter.

Things to do

  1. 1

    Trek across the Gran Sabana

    Trek across the Gran Sabana

    The trek begins at the Pemón village of Paraitepui, the last point a road reaches, and crosses open grassland for days with a licensed guide and porters. There is almost no shade, two rivers have to be waded, and groups start early to camp beside the water. Partway across, a rise brings Roraima and its neighbour Kukenán into view together, each cut off by a sheer wall hundreds of metres high — the clearest look at how sharply the tepuis stand off the plain. The last camps sit at the foot of that cliff, with the route up still hidden overhead.

  2. 2

    Camp beneath rock overhangs

    Camp beneath rock overhangs

    Nights on the summit are spent in what the guides call hotels: flat, dry patches of ground beneath big sandstone overhangs. They have no walls, only a rock roof that keeps off the near-constant rain and wind, and even this close to the equator the nights are cold and damp at 2,810 metres. You wake inside drifting cloud, with the black rock dripping and almost nothing visible beyond the shelter.

  3. 3

    Explore the Valley of Crystals

    Explore the Valley of Crystals

    The Valley of Crystals is a stretch of the summit where clear quartz has collected in the hollows of the black sandstone, lying loose in clusters that crunch underfoot and flash whenever the sun breaks through the cloud. The crystals were locked in this two-billion-year-old rock and were left behind as rain slowly wore the softer sandstone away around them. Everything on the summit is protected, so guides ask visitors to look closely and leave every piece where it lies.

  4. 4

    Relax in natural jacuzzis

    Relax in natural jacuzzis

    Rain falls on the summit almost every day, and it gathers in round hollows worn into the black sandstone that trekkers call the jacuzzis. The water is rain, tinted amber where it lies over dark rock and plant debris, and it is cold enough to take your breath away. The pools sit a short walk from the summit camps, and most groups go in the middle of the day, when the cloud is likeliest to lift and the whole plateau falls quiet.

Watch

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