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Baradla Cave

Baradla Cave

CavesHungaryAggtelek Karst, Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén,Hungary

Hungary's longest cave, a 6.6-kilometre corridor of dripstone walked from one village to the next, its halls big enough to seat an orchestra.

September·Edge of season

Sep–Nov

From September the crowds ease, yet every short and middle circuit still runs daily at the same 10°C. The karst woods above turn colour; below, the dripstone halls look as they did in July.



Year-round The dripstone halls, the steady 10°C air and the daily guided circuits are here every day of the year. What shifts with the season is the streams and the scheduled adventure tours.

Baradla Cave is the longest cave in Hungary, a corridor of dripstone running 6.6 kilometres under the Aggtelek karst in the northeast of the country and on across the Slovak border, walked from one village entrance to the next through halls big enough to seat an orchestra, and its largest chamber is a cathedral nave whose roof is beyond the reach of the lamps. The cave was cut by two underground streams that the guides named the Styx and the Acheron, and it has been visited since the eighteenth century, a UNESCO site; the entrance at Aggtelek is at the foot of a high white limestone wall where the hillside simply opens, and the temperature drops at once to ten degrees, with the short tour running an hour through the first halls and the long tour crossing the hill underground for seven kilometres to come out in the woods at Jósvafő. The Giants' Hall opens overhead with a stairway switchbacking down through boulders and dripstone to the floor, and the Christmas Tree stalagmite, a tiered cone of pale calcite under a single lamp, is the formation everyone stops to photograph. Partway along the route the group files into the Concert Hall, a chamber laid out with seats, the lights drop and music is played into the darkness, the acoustics of the stone being the reason concerts have been held in the cave for two centuries. One chamber is called the Bone House, and it earned the name, since thirteen people were buried there face down with a flat stone laid across the back, from the Bronze Age, and the cave held people from the Neolithic on, whose pottery gave a culture its name. After snowmelt and heavy spring rain the streams rise back into the main passage and run along the streambed the tour walks, a handful of days a year and never on schedule, when the cave is closed. Baradla is a road under a hill, and the villages at either end are its doors.

Worth knowing

Good to know

  • Two villages, two very different visits — the one-hour circuit starts at the Aggtelek mouth, the longer route at the Vörös-tó entrance, and the full through-trip to Jósvafő takes most of a day.
  • Dress for 10°C and wet stone — a jacket even in August, plus closed shoes with grip; the concrete paths stay damp all year and the long routes run for hours.
  • Ask at the desk whether the streams are running — the Styx surfaces only after real rain, and Domica's boat ride across the Slovak border sails only when the water is deep enough.
  • Winter tours share the cave with hibernating bats — over twenty species sleep in the side branches, so keep your voice down and your camera flash off them.
  • Check whether a concert is on before you book — the Concert Hall stages choirs and orchestras through the year, and hearing one from inside the rock is a different visit altogether.

Things to do

  1. 1

    Stand under the ceiling of the Giants' Hall

    Stand under the ceiling of the Giants' Hall

    Baradla's largest chamber opens overhead like a cathedral nave, its roof beyond the reach of the lamps, while a stairway switchbacks down through boulders and dripstone to the floor. Most of the route is a narrow passage; here the walls pull back so far that the group spreads out and the lights stop reaching the far side.

  2. 2

    Find the Christmas Tree stalagmite

    Find the Christmas Tree stalagmite

    A tiered cone of pale calcite stands under a single lamp, layered like a fir tree — the formation everyone on the Aggtelek circuit stops to photograph. The water that built it, drip by drip, is still building it.

  3. 3

    Cross the hill underground and come out in the woods

    Cross the hill underground and come out in the woods

    You go in at the foot of a high white limestone wall where the hillside simply opens, and the temperature drops at once. The long route then walks the whole main branch, hours of dry streambed and dripstone, until a guide unlocks a timber door and the beech forest is suddenly there again.

  4. 4

    Sit in the dark while the Concert Hall plays

    Partway along the route the group files into a chamber laid out with seats, the lights drop, and music is played into the darkness. Bare limestone reflects sound instead of soaking it up, so every note hangs in the air for seconds after the player has stopped.

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